Docker was released in 2013. The source code is hosted on Github. It is based on the go language and complies with the Apache2.0 protocol and is open source. It is an advanced container engine based on LXC open sourced by the PaaS provider dotCloud. It is an Tools to easily create, deploy, and run applications with containers.
The operating environment of this tutorial: linux7.3 system, docker-1.13.1 version, Dell G3 computer.
When did docker come out?
Docker is a software that runs on Linux and Windows and is used to create, manage, and orchestrate containers.
Docker is part of the Moby open source project developed on GitHub.
Docker Company, located in San Francisco, is the maintainer of the entire Moby open source project. The Docker Company also offers a commercial version of Docker that includes support services.
Docker Company
Docker Company is located in San Francisco and was founded by French-American developer and entrepreneur Solumon Hykes. Its logo is shown in the picture below.
Docker logo
Interestingly, Docker company was originally a Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) called dotCloud provider.
In terms of underlying technology, the dotCloud platform utilizes Linux container technology. To make it easier to create and manage these containers, dotCloud developed a set of internal tools, later named "Docker." This is how Docker was born!
In 2013, dotCloud’s PaaS business was not doing well, and the company needed to seek new breakthroughs. So they hired Ben Golub as the new CEO, renamed the company "Docker", abandoned the dotCloud PaaS platform, and started a new journey with the mission of "promoting Docker and container technology to the world".
Today Docker is widely regarded as an innovative technology company, with a market value said to be approximately $1 billion. Docker has attracted a total of more than $240 million in investment from several Silicon Valley venture capital firms through multiple rounds of financing.
Almost all of the financing occurred after the company changed its name to "Docker".
Tip: The word "Docker" comes from the British colloquial word, which means dock worker (Dock Worker), that is, a person who loads and unloads goods from a ship.
Docker runtime and orchestration engine
When most technical people talk about Docker, they mainly refer to the Docker engine.
Docker Engine is the infrastructure tool for running and orchestrating containers. Readers with VMware management experience can compare this to ESXi.
ESXi is the core hypervisor that runs virtual machines, and Docker Engine is the core container runtime that runs containers.
Other Docker companies or third-party products are developed and integrated around the Docker engine.
As shown in the figure below, the Docker engine is at the center, and other products are integrated based on the core functions of the Docker engine.
Products developed and integrated around the Docker engine
The Docker engine can be downloaded from the Docker website or built based on the source code on GitHub. Both open source and commercial versions are available for Linux and Windows.
There are two main versions of Docker engine: Enterprise Edition (EE) and Community Edition (CE).
Every quarter, the Enterprise Edition and Community Edition will release a stable version. The community edition comes with 4 months of support, while the enterprise edition comes with 12 months of support.
Publish the monthly version via Edge.
Starting in the first quarter of 2017, Docker version numbers follow the YY.MM-xx format, similar to projects such as Ubuntu. For example, the first community version released in June 2018 was 18.06.0-ce.
Recommended learning: "docker video tutorial"
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Docker simplifies application deployment and management on Linux. 1) Docker is a containerized platform that packages applications and their dependencies into lightweight and portable containers. 2) On Linux, Docker uses cgroups and namespaces to implement container isolation and resource management. 3) Basic usages include pulling images and running containers. Advanced usages such as DockerCompose can define multi-container applications. 4) Debug commonly used dockerlogs and dockerexec commands. 5) Performance optimization can reduce the image size through multi-stage construction, and keeping the Dockerfile simple is the best practice.

Docker is a Linux container technology-based tool used to package, distribute and run applications to improve application portability and scalability. 1) Dockerbuild and dockerrun commands can be used to build and run Docker containers. 2) DockerCompose is used to define and run multi-container Docker applications to simplify microservice management. 3) Using multi-stage construction can optimize the image size and improve the application startup speed. 4) Viewing container logs is an effective way to debug container problems.

Docker container startup steps: Pull the container image: Run "docker pull [mirror name]". Create a container: Use "docker create [options] [mirror name] [commands and parameters]". Start the container: Execute "docker start [Container name or ID]". Check container status: Verify that the container is running with "docker ps".

The methods to view Docker logs include: using the docker logs command, for example: docker logs CONTAINER_NAME Use the docker exec command to run /bin/sh and view the log file, for example: docker exec -it CONTAINER_NAME /bin/sh ; cat /var/log/CONTAINER_NAME.log Use the docker-compose logs command of Docker Compose, for example: docker-compose -f docker-com

You can query the Docker container name by following the steps: List all containers (docker ps). Filter the container list (using the grep command). Gets the container name (located in the "NAMES" column).

Create a container in Docker: 1. Pull the image: docker pull [mirror name] 2. Create a container: docker run [Options] [mirror name] [Command] 3. Start the container: docker start [Container name]

Four ways to exit Docker container: Use Ctrl D in the container terminal Enter exit command in the container terminal Use docker stop <container_name> Command Use docker kill <container_name> command in the host terminal (force exit)

Methods for copying files to external hosts in Docker: Use the docker cp command: Execute docker cp [Options] <Container Path> <Host Path>. Using data volumes: Create a directory on the host, and use the -v parameter to mount the directory into the container when creating the container to achieve bidirectional file synchronization.


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