Learn three methods to obtain the intersection of multiple arrays in five minutes (Collection)

In the previous article "PHP Array Operation: Method of Calculating the Product of Array Elements", the relevant knowledge of how to calculate the product of array elements in PHP was introduced in detail. In this article, let's take a look at PHP How to compare two arrays and then obtain the relevant knowledge of the intersection between multiple arrays, I hope it will be helpful to everyone!

In the previous article, we introduced how to calculate the product of array elements in PHP. We can use the for loop in PHP, foreachLoop and array_product function to calculate the product of array elements. We have also dealt with issues between multiple arrays before, such as merging arrays. When it comes to reading an array, we have to mention a commonly used operation in PHP, which is to obtain the intersection of multiple arrays.

This is an array comparison. The intersection between arrays is obtained by comparing arrays. So what method can be used to do it? Let’s take a look at it next.

<strong><span style="font-size: 20px;">array_intersect</span></strong>Function - Compare the key values ​​​​of arrays

There is a built-in array_intersect function in PHP that is used to compare the key values ​​of the arrays when comparing arrays, and then return the key values ​​​​in both arrays using the elements of the array, that is, the key values ​​​​of the two arrays. intersection.

array_intersectThe basic syntax format of the function is as follows:

array_intersect(array1,array2,array3...);

It should be noted that the parameter array123 represents the number of arrays used for comparison, and array 1 is Used for comparison with other arrays, arrays 2 and 3 are both used for comparison with array 1. When a function compares two or more arrays, the returned result is an intersection array.

The returned array only has the intersection of array 1 and other arrays, and the key name is also array 1. In other words, the returned array is part of array 1, and other arrays only use key values. Compare with array 1 and will not appear in the returned array. Only compare key values.

Next, let’s take a look at the application of the array_intersect function through an example. The example is as follows:

<?php
$a1=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"green","c"=>"blue","d"=>"yellow");
$a2=array("e"=>"red","f"=>"green","g"=>"purple");
$result=array_intersect($a1,$a2);
print_r($result);
?>

Output result:

In the above example, two arrays are compared. As you can see, there are two key values ​​in array 1 that are the same as array 2. The key names in the output result are still the key names of array 1.

The above example compares two arrays. Let's take an example to compare three arrays. The example is as follows:

<?php
$a1=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"green","c"=>"blue","d"=>"yellow");
$a2=array("e"=>"red","f"=>"blue","g"=>"purple");
$a3=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"black","h"=>"blue");
$result=array_intersect($a1,$a2,$a3);
print_r($result);
?>

Output result:

Next let's take a look at the array_intersect_key function in PHP. It does not compare key values, but compares key names.

<strong><span style="font-size: 20px;">array_intersect_key</span></strong>Function - Compare the key names of arrays

The array_intersect_key function is very similar to the array_intersect function, but the comparison method is different. array_intersect_key The function obtains the intersection with the same key name by comparing the key name,

array_intersect_keyThe basic syntax format of the function is as follows:

array_intersect_key(array1,array2,array3...)

It should be noted that the parameter array123 represents the number of arrays used for comparison, and array 1 is used For comparison with other arrays, arrays 2 and 3 are both used for comparison with array 1. When a function compares two or more arrays, the returned result is an intersection array.

The function returned is similar to array_intersect. The returned result is the corresponding key value in the array intersection key name array 1. Only compare key names.

Let’s take a look at the use of the array_intersect_key function through an example. The example is as follows:

First, let’s take a look at an array that does not define a key name and only uses an index

<?php
$a1=array("red","green","blue","yellow");
$a2=array("red","green","blue");
$result=array_intersect_key($a1,$a2);
print_r($result);
?>

Output result:

#When there is a key name that defines the key value, it is the same, just compare the key name, the example is as follows :

<?php
$a1=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"green","c"=>"blue","d"=>"yellow");
$a2=array("a"=>"red","f"=>"blue","g"=>"purple");
$a3=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"black","h"=>"blue");
$result=array_intersect_key($a1,$a2,$a3);
print_r($result);
?>

Output result:

The above example is the operation of comparing key names to obtain intersection through the array_intersect_key function .

<span style="font-size: 20px;">array_intersect_assoc</span>Function - Compare the key name and key value of the array

The two above One function compares the key value and the other compares the key name. Now PHP can compare the key value and key name at the same time through the array_intersect_assoc function. That is to say, the output result must be that the key value and key name are equal. .

array_intersect_assoc函数的基本语法格式如下：

array_intersect_assoc(array1,array2,array3...)

其中需要注意的是：参数array123表示的就是第几个用来比较的数组，数组1是用来与其他数组进行比较的，数组2和3都是用来与数组1进行比较的。当函数比较两个或者多个数组的时候，返回的结果就是一个交集数组。

这个返回的交集数组，既然键名和键值都是一样的，返回的结果也就不需要争论什么了。

接下来我们通过示例来看一下array_intersect_assoc函数的应用，示例如下:

首先我们还是先来看一下没有定义键名，只通过索引进行的数组

<?php
$a1=array("red","green","blue","yellow");
$a2=array("red","black","blue");
$a3=array("red");
$result=array_intersect_key($a1,$a2,$a3);
print_r($result);
?>

输出结果：

下面我们再来看一下，有自定义键名的数组

<?php
$a1=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"green","c"=>"blue","d"=>"yellow");
$a2=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"green","g"=>"purple");
$a3=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"green","h"=>"blue");
$result=array_intersect_assoc($a1,$a2,$a3);
print_r($result);
?>

输出结果：

这便是在PHP中可以通过array_intersect函数、array_intersect_key和array_intersect_assoc函数分别以不同的方法来获取数组之间的交集。

大家如果感兴趣的话，可以点击《PHP视频教程》进行更多关于PHP知识的学习。

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