search
HomeDevelopment ToolsgitThe most detailed Git operation commands are here!

Today this column introduces Git operation commands. Friends who need to take a look are welcome to leave a message for discussion.

1. Create a new code library

Create a new Git code library in the current directory
git init
Create a new directory and initialize it as a Git code repository
git init [project-name]
Download a project and its entire code history
git clone [url]

2. Configuration

Git’s setting file is .gitconfig, which can be in the user’s home directory (global configuration) or in the project directory (project configuration).

显示当前的Git配置
git config --list
编辑Git配置文件
git config -e [--global]
设置提交代码时的用户信息
git config [--global] user.name "[name]"git config [--global] user.email "[email address]"

三、增加/删除文件

添加指定文件到暂存区
git add [file1] [file2] ...
添加指定目录到暂存区,包括子目录
git add [dir]
添加当前目录的所有文件到暂存区
git add .
添加每个变化前,都会要求确认
对于同一个文件的多处变化,可以实现分次提交
git add -p
删除工作区文件,并且将这次删除放入暂存区
git rm [file1] [file2] ...
停止追踪指定文件,但该文件会保留在工作区
git rm --cached [file]
改名文件,并且将这个改名放入暂存区
git mv [file-original] [file-renamed]

四、代码提交

提交暂存区到仓库区
git commit -m [message]
提交暂存区的指定文件到仓库区
git commit [file1] [file2] ... -m [message]
提交工作区自上次commit之后的变化,直接到仓库区
git commit -a
提交时显示所有diff信息
git commit -v
使用一次新的commit,替代上一次提交
如果代码没有任何新变化,则用来改写上一次commit的提交信息
git commit --amend -m [message]
重做上一次commit,并包括指定文件的新变化
git commit --amend [file1] [file2] ...

五、分支

列出所有本地分支
git branch
列出所有远程分支
git branch -r
列出所有本地分支和远程分支
git branch -a
新建一个分支,但依然停留在当前分支
git branch [branch-name]
新建一个分支,并切换到该分支
git checkout -b [branch]
新建一个分支,指向指定commit
git branch [branch] [commit]
新建一个分支,与指定的远程分支建立追踪关系
git branch --track [branch] [remote-branch]
切换到指定分支,并更新工作区
git checkout [branch-name]
切换到上一个分支
git checkout -
建立追踪关系,在现有分支与指定的远程分支之间
git branch --set-upstream [branch] [remote-branch]
合并指定分支到当前分支
git merge [branch]
选择一个commit,合并进当前分支
git cherry-pick [commit]
删除分支
git branch -d [branch-name]
删除远程分支
git push origin --delete [branch-name]git branch -dr [remote/branch]

六、标签

列出所有tag
git tag
新建一个tag在当前commit
git tag [tag]
新建一个tag在指定commit
git tag [tag] [commit]
删除本地tag
git tag -d [tag]
删除远程tag
git push origin :refs/tags/[tagName]
查看tag信息
git show [tag]
提交指定tag
git push [remote] [tag]
提交所有tag
git push [remote] --tags
新建一个分支,指向某个tag
git checkout -b [branch] [tag]

七、查看信息

显示有变更的文件
git status
显示当前分支的版本历史
git log
显示commit历史,以及每次commit发生变更的文件
git log --stat
搜索提交历史,根据关键词
git log -S [keyword]
显示某个commit之后的所有变动,每个commit占据一行
git log [tag] HEAD --pretty=format:%s
显示某个commit之后的所有变动,其”提交说明”必须符合搜索条件
git log [tag] HEAD --grep feature
显示某个文件的版本历史,包括文件改名
git log --follow [file]git whatchanged [file]
显示指定文件相关的每一次diff
git log -p [file]
显示过去5次提交
git log -5 --pretty --oneline
显示所有提交过的用户,按提交次数排序
git shortlog -sn
显示指定文件是什么人在什么时间修改过
git blame [file]
显示暂存区和工作区的差异
git diff
显示暂存区和上一个commit的差异
git diff --cached [file]
显示工作区与当前分支最新commit之间的差异
git diff HEAD
显示两次提交之间的差异
git diff [first-branch]...[second-branch]
显示今天你写了多少行代码
git diff --shortstat "@{0 day ago}"
显示某次提交的元数据和内容变化
git show [commit]
显示某次提交发生变化的文件
git show --name-only [commit]
显示某次提交时,某个文件的内容
git show [commit]:[filename]
显示当前分支的最近几次提交
git reflog

八、远程同步

下载远程仓库的所有变动
git fetch [remote]
显示所有远程仓库
git remote -v
显示某个远程仓库的信息
git remote show [remote]
增加一个新的远程仓库,并命名
git remote add [shortname] [url]
取回远程仓库的变化,并与本地分支合并
git pull [remote] [branch]
上传本地指定分支到远程仓库
git push [remote] [branch]
强行推送当前分支到远程仓库,即使有冲突
git push [remote] --force
推送所有分支到远程仓库
git push [remote] --all

九、撤销

恢复暂存区的指定文件到工作区
git checkout [file]
恢复某个commit的指定文件到暂存区和工作区
git checkout [commit] [file]
恢复暂存区的所有文件到工作区
git checkout .
重置暂存区的指定文件,与上一次commit保持一致,但工作区不变
git reset [file]
重置暂存区与工作区,与上一次commit保持一致
git reset --hard
重置当前分支的指针为指定commit,同时重置暂存区,但工作区不变
git reset [commit]
重置当前分支的HEAD为指定commit,同时重置暂存区和工作区,与指定commit一致
git reset --hard [commit]
重置当前HEAD为指定commit,但保持暂存区和工作区不变
git reset --keep [commit]
新建一个commit,用来撤销指定commit
后者的所有变化都将被前者抵消,并且应用到当前分支
git revert [commit]
暂时将未提交的变化移除,稍后再移入
git stash
git stash pop

十、其他

生成一个可供发布的压缩包
git archive

推荐学习:《Git教程》                            

The above is the detailed content of The most detailed Git operation commands are here!. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement
This article is reproduced at:learnku. If there is any infringement, please contact admin@php.cn delete
GitHub: Managing Projects, Code, and Version HistoryGitHub: Managing Projects, Code, and Version HistoryApr 17, 2025 am 12:05 AM

GitHub can manage projects efficiently. 1) Create a repository and submit code, 2) Collaborate development with branch and pull requests, 3) Use GitHubActions to implement CI/CD, 4) manage tasks through Issues, 5) Optimize the use of branch policies and code reviews to avoid excessive use of branches and neglect security.

Git vs. GitHub: Exploring Their RolesGit vs. GitHub: Exploring Their RolesApr 16, 2025 am 12:06 AM

Git and GitHub are different tools: Git is a distributed version control system for managing code versions and collaborative development; GitHub is an online platform based on Git, providing code hosting and collaboration tools. Git's main features include version management, branch management, and collaborative development, while GitHub provides code hosting, collaboration tools and social networking capabilities.

GitHub: A Hub for Open Source and Software DevelopmentGitHub: A Hub for Open Source and Software DevelopmentApr 15, 2025 am 12:10 AM

GitHub is a Git-based version control system hosting platform that provides version control, collaborative development and community communication functions. Using GitHub can improve development efficiency and code quality.

Git and GitHub: What's the Relationship?Git and GitHub: What's the Relationship?Apr 14, 2025 am 12:10 AM

Git and GitHub are different tools: Git is software for version control, and GitHub is an online platform based on Git. 1.Git allows you to track file changes and collaborative development. 2. GitHub provides code hosting and collaboration tools to enhance team development efficiency.

GitHub: The Platform for Developers and ProjectsGitHub: The Platform for Developers and ProjectsApr 13, 2025 am 12:01 AM

The core features of GitHub include version control, branch management, code review, issue tracking and project management. 1. Version control and branch management are based on Git, allowing tracking of code changes and experimental development. 2. Code review is implemented through PullRequest to improve code quality and team collaboration. 3. Issues tracking and project management are carried out through Issues and the project management board to improve project transparency and traceability.

GitHub in Action: Examples and Use CasesGitHub in Action: Examples and Use CasesApr 12, 2025 am 12:16 AM

GitHub is a powerful tool to improve the efficiency and quality of software development. 1) Version control: manage code changes through Git. 2) PullRequests: Conduct code review and improve code quality. 3) Issues: Track bugs and project progress. 4) GitHubActions: Automate the construction, testing and deployment process.

Git vs. GitHub: Version Control and Code HostingGit vs. GitHub: Version Control and Code HostingApr 11, 2025 am 11:33 AM

Git is a version control system, and GitHub is a Git-based code hosting platform. Git is used to manage code versions and supports local operations; GitHub provides online collaboration tools such as Issue tracking and PullRequest.

What is Git in simple words?What is Git in simple words?Apr 09, 2025 am 12:12 AM

Git is an open source distributed version control system that helps developers track file changes, work together and manage code versions. Its core functions include: 1) record code modifications, 2) fallback to previous versions, 3) collaborative development, and 4) create and manage branches for parallel development.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Chat Commands and How to Use Them
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PhpStorm Mac version

PhpStorm Mac version

The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

Safe Exam Browser

Safe Exam Browser

Safe Exam Browser is a secure browser environment for taking online exams securely. This software turns any computer into a secure workstation. It controls access to any utility and prevents students from using unauthorized resources.

SublimeText3 Linux new version

SublimeText3 Linux new version

SublimeText3 Linux latest version

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.