之前的文章《浅析安卓app和微信授权登录及分享完整对接(代码分享)》中,给大家了解了安卓app和微信授权登录、分享完整对接。下面本篇文章给大家了解nginx的缓存和清理,有需要的朋友可以参考一下,希望对你们有所助。
背景
由于服务器的各方面配置都太低,经不起消耗,所以基本上所有动态的内容都以缓存形式展现,除了部分的交互使用动态意外。
但是每次修改了动态的内容,缓存有没过期,这样得必须手动清理缓存了。于是尝试使用nginx
+ngx_cache_purge
模块
ngx_cache_purge模块的安装
检查是否安装
nginx -V #大写的V
看到如下:
nginx version: nginx/1.18.0 built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC) built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017 TLS SNI support enabled configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC' --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -pie'
安装
因为已经安装过nginx
,所以无法./configure
nginx -v #小写的V
查看版本
nginx version: nginx/1.18.0
在官网的地址http://nginx.org/download/上找对对应的版本,down下来,解压
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz tar -zxvf nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
在这里http://labs.frickle.com/files/找到ngx_cache_purge的最新版本,down下来,解压
wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz tar -zxvf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
备份启动文件
cp /sbin/nginx /sbin/nginx.bak
重新编译刚才下载的nginx
把模块带进去编译
cd nginx-1.18.0 #第一步 # ./configure + nginx -V 看到的 configure arguments + '--add-module=/usr/software/ngx_cache_purge-2.3' ./configure --prefix=/etc/nginx (略) --add-module=/root/app/ngx_cache_purge-2.3 #第二步 make #第三步
是make编译, 不是make install ,make install会覆盖原来已经安装好的内容。编译必须没有错误,才能继续下一步
检查是否编译成功
./objs/nginx -V
如果编译成功,把objs
下的nginx
文件 拷贝到/sbin
目录下,然后检查是否正常
/sbin/nginx -V
重启
/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /sbin/nginx -s reload
检查下进程,正常会看到多出的2个进程
ps -ef|grep nginx root 9266 1 0 17:08 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf root 9267 9266 0 17:08 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process root 9268 9266 0 17:08 ? 00:00:00 nginx: cache manager process #多出的 root 9269 9266 0 17:08 ? 00:00:00 nginx: cache loader process #多出的 root 9272 1261 0 17:08 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
没有的话,kill
进程,然后重启
缓存的清理
关于nginx
的更多设置请看这篇
别忘了配置
location ~ /clear_cache(/.*) { #删除指定缓存区域cache_one的特定缓存文件$1$is_args$args proxy_cache_purge cache_one $1$is_args$args; #运行本机和10.0.217.0网段的机器访问,拒绝其它所有 allow 127.0.0.1; allow 10.0.217.0/24; deny all; }
这样清理某个缓存文件的时候地址前面加上/clear_cache
即可,如 :清理文件https://www.chuchur.com/js/a.js
,输入https://www.chuchur.com/clear_cache/js/a.js
,看到Successful purge
表明清理成功。
可以每次修改动态内容之后,自动触发缓存清理器操作
一些问题
该缓存的没缓存, 不该缓存的缓存了。
排除问题
add_header Nginx-Cache "$upstream_cache_status";
查看Headers
里的Nginx-Cache
状态 是Hit
还是Miss
允许 一些头部信息:
proxy_ignore_headers Expires; proxy_ignore_headers Cache-Control;
控制哪些缓存, 哪些不缓存:
set $nocache 0; # 以 aaa,bbb,ccc 开头的不缓存 if ($request_uri ~ ^/(aaa|bbb|ccc)) { set $nocache 1; } proxy_cache_bypass $nocache; # cookie 里面设置了nocache,或者 参数传值里有aaa,bbb 的不缓存,满足一个即可 proxy_no_cache $cookie_nocache $arg_aaa $arg_bbb;
为什么明明设置了不缓存Nginx-Cache
状态也是BYPASS
, 拿到的还是缓存信息?
一般都是get
请求 ,post
请求不会缓存数据
通过Network
=>Size
观察 ,居然是 (memory cache) ,也就是 ,浏览器直接从内存取的数据, 未从服务器获取最新数据
解决: 在get
请求时传递随机字符串 :
var time = Date.now(); $.get("/aaa/bbb/ccc?time=" + time);
至此缓存和不缓存,已经缓存的自动更新的问题顺利解决。
推荐学习:Nginx基础入门视频教程
The above is the detailed content of A brief analysis of nginx caching and cleaning (code sharing). For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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