Detailed explanation of window.location object in JS (cheat sheet)
If you want to get the URL information of the site, then the window.location
object is suitable for you! Use its properties to get information about the current page address, or use its methods to do some page redirection or refresh
window.location.origin → '"https://segmentfault.com' .protocol → 'https:' .host → 'segmentfault.com' .hostname → 'segmentfault.com' .port → '' .pathname → '/search' .search → '?q=前端小智' .hash → '#2' .href → 'https://segmentfault.com/search?q=前端小智#2'
window.location.assign('url') .replace('url') .reload() .toString()
window.location property
window.location | Return value |
---|---|
.origin | Site main address (protocol host name port ) |
.protocol | Protocol architecture (http: or htts: ) |
.host | Domain name port |
.port | Port |
.pathname | The path followed by '/' on the first page |
.search | ? The query string followed |
.hash | Part starting from
|
#.href | Full URL |
The difference between host and hostname
In the above example, you may notice that host
and hostname
Return the same value. So why these properties. Well, it's about the port number, so let's take a look.
URL without port
https://segmentfault.com/search
window.location.host; // 'segmentfault.com' window.location.hostname; // 'segmentfault.com' window.location.port; // ''
URL with port
##https://segmentfault.com/search"8080Therefore,window.location.host; // 'segmentfault.com:8080' window.location.hostname; // 'segmentfault.com' window.location.port; // '8080'
host will include the port number, while
hostname will return only the host name.
How to change URL properties
Not only can we call the location` attribute to retrieve URL information, we can also use it to set new properties and change the URL.// 开始 'https://segmentfault.com/' window.location.pathname = '/tidbits'; // 设置 pathname // 结果 'https://segmentfault.com/tidbits'Here is the complete list of properties you can change
// 事例 window.location.protocol = 'https' .host = 'localhost:8080' .hostname = 'localhost' .port = '8080' .pathname = 'path' .search = 'query string' // (这里不用写 `?`) .hash = 'hash' // (这里不用写 `#`) .href = 'url'The only property that cannot be set is
window.location.origin, which is read-only.
Location object
window.location Returns a
Location object. It gives us information about the current address of the page. But we can also access the
Location object in several ways.
window.location → Location window.document.location → Location document.location → Location location → LocationThe reason we do this is that these are global variables in our browser.
window.location vs location
The above four properties all point to the sameLocation object. I personally prefer
window.location and would actually avoid using
location. Mainly because
location looks like a normal variable, and we may sometimes accidentally name it as a variable, which will override the global variable. For example:
// https://www.samanthaming.com location.protocol; // 'https' function localFile() { const location = '/sam'; return location.protocol; // undefined // b/c local "location" has override the global variable }I think most developers know that
window is a global variable. That way it's less likely to cause confusion. To be honest, I didn't know
location## until I wrote this article # is a global variable. It is recommended that you use window.location
instead of other writing methods.
window.location method
Function | |
---|---|
.replace() | |
.reload() | |
.reload() | |
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