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Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible

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Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible##

通过我自己的一番实战,可以确定的是,只要创建表,这个rowid一定是存在的,唯一区别就是显示和隐士的区别,也就是是否可以通过select _rowid from table查询出来
那么问题来了,哪些情况下rowid是显示的?
1 、当表中有主键并且是数值型的时候才是显示的
2、当表中没有主键的时候,但是表中有唯一非空并且是数值型的时候才是显示的
接下来,创建表来实战看下,是否是这样的
先创建一个带有主键并且是数值型的表
create table  z1(
id bigint(20) primary key 
)engine=innodb;

Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible

再创建一个带有主键不是数值型的表(虽然业务不会这样创建,只是为了证明rowid)
create table  z2(
name varchar(20) primary key 
)engine=innodb;

Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible

再创建一个没有主键但是有唯一键并且是数值型非空的表
create table z3(
    name int(11) not null,
    unique(name)
)engine=innodb charset=utf8

Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible

此时再创建一个没有主键,并且有唯一键,但是可以为空或者不是数值型的表
create table z4(
   name varchar(11) not null,
   unique(name)
)engine=innodb charset=utf8;
create table z5(
   name int(11) ,
   unique(name)
)engine=innodb charset=utf8;

Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible
Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible

再来看看官网咋说的,再理解下
官网连接:https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/create-index.html
If a table has a PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE NOT NULL index that consists of a single column that has an integer type, you can use _rowid to refer to the indexed column in SELECT statements, as follows:

_rowid refers to the PRIMARY KEY column if there is a PRIMARY KEY consisting of a single integer column. If there is a PRIMARY KEY but it does not consist of a single integer column, _rowid cannot be used.

Otherwise, _rowid refers to the column in the first UNIQUE NOT NULL index if that index consists of a single integer column. If the first UNIQUE NOT NULL index does not consist of a single integer column, _rowid cannot be used.
此时我再创建一个表,表中只有一个字段,并且是字符串类型的,看下生成的隐式rowid,达到最大值会发生什么?(注意此时底层会默认生成一个6字节的指针,最大值为2^48 次幂)

Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible

此时用gdb工具让rowid达到最大值再插入看看会怎么样?
     答:先找到mysqld的进程pid,命令
      ps aux | grep mysqld
     gdb -p 你的mysql的pid -ex 'p dict_sys->row_id=1' -batch

Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible
Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible

可以看到此时插入了3条数据

Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible

这个时候把rowid变为2^48次幂之后,再插入看下效果
gdb -p 29410 -ex 'p dict_sys->row_id=281474976710656' -batch

Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible

此时再插入三条数据,此时a1 a2被覆盖了,所以在不满足上述二种情况的时候,生成的隐式rowid在用尽之后,之前的记录会被覆盖,所以创建表一定要有主键id,避免发生覆盖,虽然概率比较低,这个只是用主键的其中一个原因哈

Master when mysql hidden fields (rowid) are visible

所以综上所述:看我xmind那个总结,自己再理解消化下吧。

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