What management functions does the operating system have?

The management functions of the operating system include: 1. Job management, including task and interface management, etc.; 2. File management, also known as information management; 3. Storage management, which refers to the management of main memory; 4. Equipment management refers to the management of hardware devices; 5. Process management refers to the system adopting certain process scheduling algorithms to reasonably allocate processing to each task.

The five major management functions of the operating system:

(1) Job management: including tasks, interface management, people Computer interaction, graphical interface, voice control and virtual reality, etc.;

(2) File management: also called information management;

(3) Storage management: essentially the management of storage "space" Management, mainly refers to the management of main memory;

(4) Device management: The essence is the management of hardware devices, including the allocation, startup, completion and recycling of input and output devices;

(5) Process management: The only sign indicating the existence of a process is the pcb (process control block), which is responsible for maintaining the information and status of the process. Process management essentially means that the system adopts certain process scheduling algorithms to reasonably allocate processing to each task.

The characteristics of the five major types of operating systems are:

(1) The characteristics of the batch operating system are: a. Users use the computer offline. After the user submits the job, they no longer interact with the computer until they receive the results. Jobs can be submitted directly to the management operator of the computing center or through remote communication lines. Submitted jobs are stored in the system's external storage and become backup jobs. b. Batch processing. Operators process jobs submitted by users in batches. The jobs in each batch will be automatically scheduled and executed between jobs by the operating system or supervisory program. c.Multiple programs run. According to the scheduling principle of multi-programming, multiple jobs are selected from a batch of backup jobs and transferred into the memory and organized to run, becoming multi-channel batch processing.

(2) The characteristics of the time-sharing operating system are: a. Interactivity: First, users can control the program while it is running dynamically. Secondly, it is convenient for users to submit homework on the computer. Third, the time-sharing system also facilitates cooperation among users. b. Multi-user simultaneity: Multiple users can log in on their own terminals at the same time, sharing the CPU and other resources to give full play to the efficiency of the system. c. Independence: Objectively speaking, users cannot feel that others are using the computer, just like they own the computer exclusively.

(3) The characteristics of the real-time operating system are: a. Real-time clock management (timing processing and delay processing). b. Continuous human-machine dialogue, which is often necessary for real-time control. c. Overload protection measures are required. For example, for short-term overload, the input tasks are queued in the buffer according to a certain strategy, waiting for scheduling; for persistent overload, the input of some tasks may be rejected; in a real-time control system, some tasks are processed in time and some are abandoned. tasks or reduce service frequency for certain tasks. d. High reliability and security require redundant measures. Front-end and back-end work of the dual-machine system, including necessary confidentiality measures.

(4) The characteristics of the network operating system are: a. A computer network is a group of interconnected computer systems. b. These computers are autonomous. Each computer has its own operating system and works independently. They work together under the control of network protocols. c. System interconnection must be realized through communication facilities (hardware, software). d. The system performs information exchange, resource sharing, interoperability and collaborative processing through communication facilities to achieve a variety of application requirements.

(5) The characteristics of distributed operating systems are: a. The development of computer networks follows protocols, but there is no standard protocol for various distributed systems. Of course, a computer network can also be considered a distributed system. b. Distributed systems require a unified operating system to achieve uniformity of system operations. c. The distributed operating system is transparent to users. But for computer networks, if a user on one computer wants to use resources on another computer, he must clearly indicate which computer. d. The basis of distributed systems is the network. A distributed system is not only a physically loosely coupled system, but also a logically tightly coupled system. e. Distributed systems are still in the research stage.

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