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How does Javaweb use getPart to receive form files?

Guanhui
Guanhuiforward
2020-07-22 17:45:243301browse

How does Javaweb use getPart to receive form files?

使用getPart接收表单文件时,注意Tomcat版本要在8之上。

前台 : form.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/test" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  请选择文件:<input type="file" name="file"><br>
  <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

后台:TestServlet

@WebServlet(name = "TestServlet", urlPatterns = "/test")
@MultipartConfig
public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    //获取文件,参数为前台的name
    Part part = request.getPart("photo");
    	//判断是否选择了文件
    if (part.getSize() == 0) {
      request.setAttribute("msg", "请选择用户头像");
      request.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(request, response);
      return;	//不再执行后续操作
    }
    //获取文件名,获取到文件名的格式如:a.jpg
    String fileName = part.getSubmittedFileName();
    /**
     截取文件名的后缀名:
     photo.lastIndexOf(&#39;.&#39;)的返回值为"."的位置,加1表示后缀名的起始位置。
     photo.substring(photo.lastIndexOf(&#39;.&#39;)+1),表示从后缀名的起始位置截取到结束位置。
     * */
    String fileType = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(&#39;.&#39;) + 1);
    //判断该文件是不是图片格式
    if (!("jpg".equalsIgnoreCase(fileType) || "jpeg".equalsIgnoreCase(fileType) || "png".equalsIgnoreCase(fileType))) {
      //不是图片格式,停止下一步,并将信息反馈给前台页面
      request.setAttribute("msg","上传的文件必须为图片");
      request.getRequestDispatcher("/form.jsp").forward(request, response);
      return;
    }
    //是图片类型,构建一个上传图片的存储路径
    String path = "E:\\upload";
    File file = new File(path);
    if (!file.exists()) {
      file.mkdirs(); //创建文件和文件夹
    }
    //将part内容写到文件夹内,生成一个文件
    part.write(path + "/" + fileName);
  }
}

String path = "E:\\testPic";设置成本地文件夹路径与Tomcat服务器脱离关联,可以防止文件丢失。但需要将该文件夹挂载到Tomcat服务器。

挂载方式:Eclipse:

1、双击集成在Eclipse中的tomcat服务器

How does Javaweb use getPart to receive form files?

2、点击添加额外的web资源

How does Javaweb use getPart to receive form files?

3、将本地存储上传文件的文件夹添加进来即可!

How does Javaweb use getPart to receive form files?

一定要ctrl + S

IDEA:

How does Javaweb use getPart to receive form files?

How does Javaweb use getPart to receive form files?

优化:将上传图片封装成工具类

UploadUtils.java

public class UploadUtils {
  public static String upload(Part part, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
    //获取文件的名称
    String photo = part.getSubmittedFileName();
    //重命名该文件,防止出现重名文件被覆盖的情况
    photo = UUID.randomUUID() + photo;
    /**
     截取文件名的后缀名:
     photo.lastIndexOf(&#39;.&#39;)的返回值为"."的位置,加1表示后缀名的起始位置。
     photo.substring(photo.lastIndexOf(&#39;.&#39;)+1),表示从后缀名的起始位置截取到结束位置。
     * */
    String fileType = photo.substring(photo.lastIndexOf(&#39;.&#39;) + 1);
    //判断该文件是不是图片格式
    if (!("jpg".equalsIgnoreCase(fileType) || "jpeg".equalsIgnoreCase(fileType) || "png".equalsIgnoreCase(fileType))) {
      //不是图片格式,返回空字串
      return "";
    }
    //是图片类型,构建一个上传图片的存储路径,并返回字符串的名称,用于存储到数据库
    String path = "E:\\upload";
    File file = new File(path);
    if (!file.exists()) {
      file.mkdirs(); //创建文件和文件夹
    }
    //将part内容写到文件夹内,生成一个文件
    try {
      part.write(path + "/" + photo);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return photo;
  }
}

调用工具类:

@WebServlet(name = "TestServlet", urlPatterns = "/test")
@MultipartConfig
public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{
  //获取文件
  Part part = request.getPart("photo");
  //判断用户是否选择文件,如果没有选择头像,不进行后续操作
  if (part.getSize() == 0) {
    request.setAttribute("msg", "请选择用户头像");
    request.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(request, response);
    return;
  }
  String photo = UploadUtils.upload(part, request, response);
  //判断photo是否为空字符串,为空字符串,说明不是图片类型,也不进行后续操作
  if (photo == "") {
    request.setAttribute("msg", "请选择图片类型的文件,如png,jpg,jpeg");
    request.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(request, response);
    return;
  }
  //不是空字符串,执行后续操作,如将路径存储到数据库等
  ............................................
}

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