12 ways to remove duplicates from JavaScript arrays (summary)

Array deduplication is usually encountered during interviews, and it is usually required to hand-write the code of the array deduplication method. If asked, what are the methods for deduplicating arrays? If you can answer 10 of them, the interviewer is likely to be impressed by you.

Array deduplication encountered in real projects is usually processed in the background, and the front-end is rarely used to process array deduplication. Although the probability of using it in daily projects is relatively low, you still need to know it in case you may be asked about it during the interview.

Note: I wrote it in a hurry, and I have been a little busy these days. I haven't checked it very carefully, but the idea is fine. There may be some small details that are wrong.

How to deduplicate arrays

1. Use ES6 Set to deduplicate (most commonly used in ES6)

function unique (arr) {
 return Array.from(new Set(arr))
}
var arr = [1,1,'true','true',true,true,15,15,false,false, undefined,undefined, null,null, NaN, NaN,'NaN', 0, 0, 'a', 'a',{},{}];
console.log(unique(arr))
 //[1, "true", true, 15, false, undefined, null, NaN, "NaN", 0, "a", {}, {}]

Regardless of compatibility, this method of deduplication has the least code. This method cannot remove the "{}" empty object, and later high-level methods will add methods to remove repeated "{}".

2. Use for to nest for, and then splice to remove duplicates (most commonly used in ES5)

function unique(arr){ 
 for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++){
 for(var j=i+1; j<arr.length; j++){
 if(arr[i]==arr[j]){ //第一个等同于第二个，splice方法删除第二个
  arr.splice(j,1);
  j--;
 }
 }
 }
return arr;
}
var arr = [1,1,&#39;true&#39;,&#39;true&#39;,true,true,15,15,false,false, undefined,undefined, null,null, NaN, NaN,&#39;NaN&#39;, 0, 0, &#39;a&#39;, &#39;a&#39;,{},{}];
 console.log(unique(arr))
 //[1, "true", 15, false, undefined, NaN, NaN, "NaN", "a", {…}, {…}] //NaN和{}没有去重，两个null直接消失了

Double-layer loop, outer loop element, inner loop Compare values. If the values ​​are the same, this value will be deleted.
If you want to quickly learn more commonly used ES6 syntax, you can read my previous article "Learning ES6 Notes - ES6 Syntax Commonly Used in Work".

3. Use indexOf to remove duplicates

function unique(arr) {
 if (!Array.isArray(arr)) {
 console.log('type error!')
 return
 }
 var array = [];
 for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
 if (array .indexOf(arr[i]) === -1) {
 array .push(arr[i])
 }
 }
 return array;
}
var arr = [1,1,&#39;true&#39;,&#39;true&#39;,true,true,15,15,false,false, undefined,undefined, null,null, NaN, NaN,&#39;NaN&#39;, 0, 0, &#39;a&#39;, &#39;a&#39;,{},{}];
console.log(unique(arr))
 // [1, "true", true, 15, false, undefined, null, NaN, NaN, "NaN", 0, "a", {…}, {…}] //NaN、{}没有去重

Create an empty result array, for loop the original array, and determine whether the current element exists in the result array. If there are the same values If they are not the same, they will be skipped and pushed into the array.

4. Use sort()

function unique(arr) {
 if (!Array.isArray(arr)) {
 console.log('type error!')
 return;
 }
 arr = arr.sort()
 var arrry= [arr[0]];
 for (var i = 1; i < arr.length; i++) {
 if (arr[i] !== arr[i-1]) {
 arrry.push(arr[i]);
 }
 }
 return arrry;
}
 var arr = [1,1,&#39;true&#39;,&#39;true&#39;,true,true,15,15,false,false, undefined,undefined, null,null, NaN, NaN,&#39;NaN&#39;, 0, 0, &#39;a&#39;, &#39;a&#39;,{},{}];
 console.log(unique(arr))
// [0, 1, 15, "NaN", NaN, NaN, {…}, {…}, "a", false, null, true, "true", undefined] //NaN、{}没有去重

Use the sort() sorting method, and then traverse and compare adjacent elements based on the sorted results.

5. Use the properties of objects that cannot be the same to deduplicate (This method of deduplicating arrays has problems, is not recommended, and needs to be improved)

function unique(arr) {
 if (!Array.isArray(arr)) {
 console.log('type error!')
 return
 }
 var arrry= [];
 var obj = {};
 for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
 if (!obj[arr[i]]) {
 arrry.push(arr[i])
 obj[arr[i]] = 1
 } else {
 obj[arr[i]]++
 }
 }
 return arrry;
}
 var arr = [1,1,&#39;true&#39;,&#39;true&#39;,true,true,15,15,false,false, undefined,undefined, null,null, NaN, NaN,&#39;NaN&#39;, 0, 0, &#39;a&#39;, &#39;a&#39;,{},{}];
 console.log(unique(arr))
//[1, "true", 15, false, undefined, null, NaN, 0, "a", {…}] //两个true直接去掉了，NaN和{}去重

6. Use includes

function unique(arr) {
 if (!Array.isArray(arr)) {
 console.log('type error!')
 return
 }
 var array =[];
 for(var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
 if( !array.includes( arr[i]) ) {//includes 检测数组是否有某个值
  array.push(arr[i]);
 }
 }
 return array
}
var arr = [1,1,&#39;true&#39;,&#39;true&#39;,true,true,15,15,false,false, undefined,undefined, null,null, NaN, NaN,&#39;NaN&#39;, 0, 0, &#39;a&#39;, &#39;a&#39;,{},{}];
 console.log(unique(arr))
 //[1, "true", true, 15, false, undefined, null, NaN, "NaN", 0, "a", {…}, {…}] //{}没有去重

7. Use hasOwnProperty

function unique(arr) {
 var obj = {};
 return arr.filter(function(item, index, arr){
 return obj.hasOwnProperty(typeof item + item) ? false : (obj[typeof item + item] = true)
 })
}
 var arr = [1,1,'true','true',true,true,15,15,false,false, undefined,undefined, null,null, NaN, NaN,'NaN', 0, 0, 'a', 'a',{},{}];
 console.log(unique(arr))
//[1, "true", true, 15, false, undefined, null, NaN, "NaN", 0, "a", {…}] //所有的都去重了

Use hasOwnProperty to determine whether object properties exist

8. Use filter

function unique(arr) {
 return arr.filter(function(item, index, arr) {
 //当前元素，在原始数组中的第一个索引==当前索引值，否则返回当前元素
 return arr.indexOf(item, 0) === index;
 });
}
 var arr = [1,1,'true','true',true,true,15,15,false,false, undefined,undefined, null,null, NaN, NaN,'NaN', 0, 0, 'a', 'a',{},{}];
 console.log(unique(arr))
//[1, "true", true, 15, false, undefined, null, "NaN", 0, "a", {…}, {…}]

9. Use recursion to remove duplicates

function unique(arr) {
 var array= arr;
 var len = array.length;

 array.sort(function(a,b){ //排序后更加方便去重
 return a - b;
 })

 function loop(index){
 if(index >= 1){
 if(array[index] === array[index-1]){
 array.splice(index,1);
 }
 loop(index - 1); //递归loop，然后数组去重
 }
 }
 loop(len-1);
 return array;
}
 var arr = [1,1,'true','true',true,true,15,15,false,false, undefined,undefined, null,null, NaN, NaN,'NaN', 0, 0, 'a', 'a',{},{}];
console.log(unique(arr))
//[1, "a", "true", true, 15, false, 1, {…}, null, NaN, NaN, "NaN", 0, "a", {…}, undefined]

10. Use Map data structure to remove duplicates

function arrayNonRepeatfy(arr) {
 let map = new Map();
 let array = new Array(); // 数组用于返回结果
 for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
 if(map .has(arr[i])) { // 如果有该key值
 map .set(arr[i], true); 
 } else { 
 map .set(arr[i], false); // 如果没有该key值
 array .push(arr[i]);
 }
 } 
 return array ;
}
 var arr = [1,1,&#39;true&#39;,&#39;true&#39;,true,true,15,15,false,false, undefined,undefined, null,null, NaN, NaN,&#39;NaN&#39;, 0, 0, &#39;a&#39;, &#39;a&#39;,{},{}];
 console.log(unique(arr))
//[1, "a", "true", true, 15, false, 1, {…}, null, NaN, NaN, "NaN", 0, "a", {…}, undefined]

Create an empty Map data structure, traverse the array that needs to be deduplicated, and store each element of the array as a key into the Map. Since the same key value will not appear in the Map, the final result is the result after deduplication.

11. Using reduce includes

function unique(arr){
 return arr.reduce((prev,cur) => prev.includes(cur) ? prev : [...prev,cur],[]);
}
var arr = [1,1,'true','true',true,true,15,15,false,false, undefined,undefined, null,null, NaN, NaN,'NaN', 0, 0, 'a', 'a',{},{}];
console.log(unique(arr));
// [1, "true", true, 15, false, undefined, null, NaN, "NaN", 0, "a", {…}, {…}]

12. [...new Set(arr)]

[...new Set(arr)]

//The code is so small----(Actually, strictly speaking, it is not one, compared to the first method It just simplifies the code)

function distinct(a, b) {
 return Array.from(new Set([...a, ...b]))
}

PS: Some articles mentioned the foreach indexOf array deduplication method. Personally, I think they are all similar, so I didn’t write them down.

Which code to use is recommended. Check this article JavaScript high-performance array deduplication.

Recommended tutorial: "JS Tutorial"

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