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Linux version differences

Guanhui

Jun 03, 2020 am 11:37 AM

linux

Linux version differences

Linux version differences

One type is the RedHat series maintained by commercial companies, which is characterized by a large number of users and a lot of data; the other type is the RedHat series maintained by commercial companies. Class is the Debian series maintained by community organizations. This series is relatively stable and supports many new technologies.

RedHat series

Redhat should be said to be the most widely used Linux version in China. Some people even equate Redhat with Linux. Therefore, this version is characterized by a large number of users and a lot of information. The implication is that if you don’t understand something, it is easy to find someone to ask. Moreover, the general Linux tutorials on the Internet use Redhat as an example. By the way, the ones used for teaching are generally RedHat. The package management method of the Redhat series uses the YUM package management method based on RPM packages, and the package distribution method is compiled binary files.

Redhat series, including RHEL (Redhat Enterprise Linux, also known as Redhat Advance Server, paid version), Fedora Core (developed from the original Redhat desktop version, free version), CentOS (RHEL's community Clone version, free).

In terms of stability, RHEL and CentOS have very good stability and are suitable for server use. However, Fedora Core has poor stability and is best used only for desktop applications.

Debian Series

Debian, or Debian series, includes Debian and Ubuntu, etc.

Debian is a model of community-based Linux and is the Linux system that most follows GNU specifications so far. Debian was first created by Ian Murdock in 1993 and is divided into three version branches: stable, testing and unstable. Among them, unstable is the latest test version, which includes the latest software packages, but it also has relatively many bugs and is suitable for desktop users. The testing version has been tested in unstable, is relatively stable, and supports many new technologies (such as SMP, etc.). Stable is generally only used on servers. Most of the above software packages are relatively outdated, but the stability and security are very high. The most distinctive feature of Debian is the apt-get/dpkg package management method. In fact, Redhat's YUM also imitates Debian's APT method, but among binary file distribution methods, APT should be the best. Debian’s information is also very rich, and there are many supportive communities. If you have any questions, there are places to go.

Ubuntu is not strictly an independent distribution. Ubuntu is based on the unstable version of Debian and is enhanced. It can be said that Ubuntu is a nearly perfect Linux desktop system that has all the advantages of Debian and its own enhanced advantages. Depending on the desktop system chosen, there are three versions to choose from, Gnome-based Ubuntu, KDE-based Kubuntu and Xfc-based Xubuntu. It is characterized by a very friendly interface, easy to use, and comprehensive hardware support. It is the most suitable Linux distribution for desktop systems.

Gentoo

Gentoo, the great Gentoo is the youngest distribution in the Linux world. Because of its youth, it can absorb the advantages of all distributions before it. This is one of the reasons why Gentoo is called the most perfect Linux distribution. Gentoo was originally created by Daniel Robbins (one of the developers of FreeBSD), and the first stable version was released in 2002. Because developers are familiar with FreeBSD, Gentoo has a well-known ports system that is comparable to FreeBSD - the Portage package management system. Unlike package management systems that distribute binary files such as APT and YUM, Portage is distributed based on source code and must be compiled before running. It is relatively slow for large software, but because all software is compiled on the local machine, in After various customized compilation parameter optimizations, the machine's hardware performance can be maximized. Gentoo is the most complex to install among all Linux distributions, but it is also the easiest to manage after installation, and it is also the fastest to run under the same hardware environment.

FreeBSD

It needs to be emphasized that FreeBSD is not a Linux system, but a considerable part of the user groups of FreeBSD and Linux overlap, and the hardware supported by both The environment is also relatively consistent, and the software used is also relatively similar, so FreeBSD can be compared as a Linux version. FreeBSD has two branches: stable and current. As the name suggests, stable is a stable version, while current is a beta version that adds new technologies. FreeBSD uses the Ports package management system, which is similar to Gentoo. It is distributed based on source code and must be compiled on the local machine before it can run. However, the Ports system is not as easy to use as the Portage system and is slightly more complicated to use. The biggest feature of FreeBSD is its stability and efficiency, making it the best choice as a server operating system. However, its hardware support is not as complete as Linux, so it is not suitable as a desktop system.

Linux distribution version selection suggestions

If you just need a desktop system, and you don’t want to use piracy, nor do you want to spend a lot of money on commercial software, then you need a Linux distribution suitable for desktop use. If you don’t want to customize anything yourself, If you don’t want to waste too much time on the system, it’s very simple. You can choose one of ubuntu, kubuntu and xubuntu according to your own preferences. The difference between the three is just the desktop program. If you need a desktop system, want to customize your Linux system very flexibly, want your machine to run more happily, and don’t mind wasting a little time on Linux system installation, then your only choice is Gentoo, enjoy it Enjoy the freedom Gentoo brings! If what you need is a server system, and you are very tired of various Linux configurations and just want a more stable server system, then your best choice is CentOS. After the installation is complete, you can simply configure it. Can provide very stable service. If what you need is a rock-solid and extremely stable server system, then your only choice is FreeBSD. If you need a stable server system, want to delve into all aspects of Linux, and want to customize a lot of content yourself, then I recommend you use Gentoo.

Recommended tutorial: "Linux Operation and Maintenance"

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