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PHP自动识别字符集编码并完成转码

May 25, 2016 pm 04:44 PM
character setcodingAutomatic Identification

原理很简单,因为gb2312/gbk是中文两字节,这两个字节是有取值范围的,而utf-8中汉字是三字节,同样每个字节也有取值范围,而英文不管在何种编码情况下,都是小于128,只占用一个字节,全角除外.

在PHP处理页面的时候,我们对于字符集的转换都是采用了iconv或者mb_convert等函数,但这其实是有一个前提的,即我们事先得知道in和out是什么样的编码,我们才能进行正确的转换.

下面这个函数,就可以在不知道源字符串编码的情况下,自动判断其编码并进行转换,虽然只支持UTF8编码和GB2312编码,但对于国内绝大多数网站来说,已经够用了,代码如下:

<?php
function safeEncoding($string, $outEncoding = &#39;UTF-8&#39;) {
    $encoding = "UTF-8";
    for ($i = 0; $i < 128) continue;
    if ((ord($string{$i}) & 224) == 224) {
        //第一个字节判断通过
        $char = $string{++$i};
        if ((ord($char) & 128) == 128) {
            //第二个字节判断通过
            $char = $string{++$i};
            if ((ord($char) & 128) == 128) {
                $encoding = "UTF-8";
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    if ((ord($string{$i}) & 192) == 192) {
        //第一个字节判断通过
        $char = $string{++$i};
        if ((ord($char) & 128) == 128) {
            //第二个字节判断通过
            $encoding = "GB2312";
            break;
        }
    }
}
if (strtoupper($encoding) == strtoupper($outEncoding)) return $string;
else return iconv($encoding, $outEncoding, $string);
}
?>

识别汉字编码,因为YBlog用的是utf-8,如果引用通告发过来的是gb2312的编码的话,需要可以识别并完成编码转换,代码如下:

<?php
function safeEncoding($string, $outEncoding = &#39;UTF-8&#39;) {
    $encoding = "UTF-8";
    for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($string); $i++) {
        if (ord($string{$i}) < 128) continue;
        if ((ord($string{$i}) & 224) == 224) {
            //第一个字节判断通过
            $char = $string{++$i};
            if ((ord($char) & 128) == 128) {
                //第二个字节判断通过
                $char = $string{++$i};
                if ((ord($char) & 128) == 128) {
                    $encoding = "UTF-8";
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if ((ord($string{$i}) & 192) == 192) {
            //第一个字节判断通过
            $char = $string{++$i};
            if ((ord($char) & 128) == 128) {
                //第二个字节判断通过
                $encoding = "GB2312";
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    if (strtoupper($encoding) == strtoupper($outEncoding)) return $string;
    else return iconv($encoding, $outEncoding, $string);
}
?>

               
               

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