What is the difference between golang and c?

The difference between golang and c language

1. Surface difference - semicolon at the end of the line

Programmers who come from C, C, C#, and Java will be surprised that the Go code they see does not have an end-of-line semicolon (";") as a line terminator. Before explaining this problem, we declare an important fact: the formal Go syntax uses an English semicolon (";") as the ending identifier.

The reason why we don’t need to add a semicolon at the end of the line is that Go’s design is based on the following two considerations:

• A few simple rules can be used to determine the end of a statement line. Therefore, the semicolon at the end of the line can be omitted;

• Omitting the semicolon at the end of the line can better standardize the code.

When Golang compiles, when the last segment of a code line (non-comment line) is one of the following five situations, a semicolon is automatically inserted at the end of the line:

1. The end of the line is one of three right brackets:), ], };

2. The end of the line is an increment or decrement operator (, – );

3. The end of the line is a specific value of type: Boolean value, integer, floating point number, complex number, Unicode code point or string literal;

4. The end of the line is an identifier: including type name, variable name, constant name, jump label, package name and package introduction name (excluding keywords);

5. line The end is 4 jump keywords: including break, continue, fallthrough and return (excluding other keywords).

2. Comparison of constant variables

C language defines constant and variable format

数据类型 变量名称 = 值;
const 数据类型 常量名称 = 值;

Go language defines constant and variable format

In addition to the following standard formats, the Go language also provides several simple syntactic sugars

var 变量名称 数据类型 = 值;
const 变量名称 数据类型 = 值;

3. Code management comparison

C language Code is managed through files in Go

●When you want to use a certain function, you only need to include the corresponding .h file

Manage code through packages in Go language

●●Go language does not have the concept of .h files. When you want to use a certain function in Go, you only need to import the corresponding package

Public and private management of functions and variables in C language

●● Whether to expose functions and variables through extern and static

Public and private management of functions and variables in Go language

●● Whether to expose functions through the capitalization of the first letter of the function name

●● Whether to expose variables by capitalizing the first letter of the variable name

4. Core differences

summarizes the following eight points:

1. Concurrent programming

2. Interface-oriented programming

3. Function multiple return values

4. Delay Execution

5. Exception handling

6. Powerful and high-performance network programming

7. Memory management and recycling

8. Code cross-platform and cross-compilation

It is because of the above eight core differences that Go is known as the C language in the Internet era.

5. Specific differences

As for the specific differences between C and Go, there is a detailed comparison table on hyperpolyglot: http://hyperpolyglot.org/c

hyperpolyglot.org makes a detailed comparison of some similar development languages ​​and tools. You can take a look when you have nothing to do.

Recommended learning: Golang tutorial

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