What is a Docker image
To simply understand, a Docker image is a Linux file system (Root FileSystem), which contains Programs and corresponding data that can run in the Linux kernel.
Speaking of this, we may need to add some knowledge related to the Linux operating system:
Generally speaking, Linux is divided into two parts: Linux Kernel (Linux Kernel) and user space , and the real Linux operating system refers to the Linux kernel. Our commonly used operating systems such as Ubuntu and CentOS are actually distribution versions (Linux Distribution) formed by different manufacturers adding their own software and tools (tools) based on the Linux kernel.
Therefore, we can also think of the image as the user space mentioned above. When Docker creates a container through the image, the user space defined by the image is run on the host as an independent and isolated process. On top of the Linux kernel.
Here we want to emphasize two characteristics of mirroring:
1. Mirroring is layered: that is, a mirror can be composed of multiple intermediate layers, and multiple mirrors can share the same intermediate layer. Layers, we can also generate a new image by adding one more layer to the image.
2. The image is read-only: After the image is built, it cannot be modified. What we said above is to add a layer to build a new image. This is actually done through Create a temporary container, add or delete files on the container to form a new image, because the container can be changed dynamically.
What is a warehouse
The warehouse (Repository) is a place where images are stored centrally. There is a concept that needs to be distinguished here, that is, the warehouse and the warehouse server (Registry) are They are two different things. For example, Docker Hub is a warehouse server officially provided by Docker, but sometimes we don't need to distinguish these two concepts too much.
Recommended tutorial: docker tutorial
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The relationship between Docker and Kubernetes is: Docker is used to package applications, and Kubernetes is used to orchestrate and manage containers. 1.Docker simplifies application packaging and distribution through container technology. 2. Kubernetes manages containers to ensure high availability and scalability. They are used in combination to improve application deployment and management efficiency.

Docker solves the problem of consistency in software running in different environments through container technology. Its development history has promoted the evolution of the cloud computing ecosystem from 2013 to the present. Docker uses Linux kernel technology to achieve process isolation and resource limitation, improving the portability of applications. In development and deployment, Docker improves resource utilization and deployment speed, supports DevOps and microservice architectures, but also faces challenges in image management, security and container orchestration.

Docker and virtual machines have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice should be based on specific needs. 1.Docker is lightweight and fast, suitable for microservices and CI/CD, fast startup and low resource utilization. 2. Virtual machines provide high isolation and multi-operating system support, but they consume a lot of resources and slow startup.

The core concept of Docker architecture is containers and mirrors: 1. Mirrors are the blueprint of containers, including applications and their dependencies. 2. Containers are running instances of images and are created based on images. 3. The mirror consists of multiple read-only layers, and the writable layer is added when the container is running. 4. Implement resource isolation and management through Linux namespace and control groups.

Docker simplifies the construction, deployment and operation of applications through containerization technology. 1) Docker is an open source platform that uses container technology to package applications and their dependencies to ensure cross-environment consistency. 2) Mirrors and containers are the core of Docker. The mirror is the executable package of the application and the container is the running instance of the image. 3) Basic usage of Docker is like running an Nginx server, and advanced usage is like using DockerCompose to manage multi-container applications. 4) Common errors include image download failure and container startup failure, and debugging skills include viewing logs and checking ports. 5) Performance optimization and best practices include mirror optimization, resource management and security improvement.

The steps to deploy containerized applications using Kubernetes and Docker include: 1. Build a Docker image, define the application image using Dockerfile and push it to DockerHub. 2. Create Deployment and Service in Kubernetes to manage and expose applications. 3. Use HorizontalPodAutoscaler to achieve dynamic scaling. 4. Debug common problems through kubectl command. 5. Optimize performance, define resource limitations and requests, and manage configurations using Helm.

Docker is an open source platform for developing, packaging and running applications, and through containerization technology, solving the consistency of applications in different environments. 1. Build the image: Define the application environment and dependencies through the Dockerfile and build it using the dockerbuild command. 2. Run the container: Use the dockerrun command to start the container from the mirror. 3. Manage containers: manage container life cycle through dockerps, dockerstop, dockerrm and other commands.

How to build portable applications with Docker and Linux? First, use Dockerfile to containerize the application, and then manage and deploy the container in a Linux environment. 1) Write a Dockerfile and package the application and its dependencies into a mirror. 2) Build and run containers on Linux using dockerbuild and dockerrun commands. 3) Manage multi-container applications through DockerCompose and define service dependencies. 4) Optimize the image size and resource configuration, enhance security, and improve application performance and portability.


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