Microservice-based architecture has become a popular trend. Docker has injected greater vitality into the vigorous development of microservices.
The advantages of docker mainly come from two aspects: fast and portable.
1. Fast
Ordinary virtual machines need to start a complete operating system instance every time, while docker shares an operating system through kernel sharing.
This means that starting and stopping a docker container does not take minutes, just a few hundred milliseconds is enough.
2. Portability
In ordinary virtual machine solutions, if the application is to be deployed to different types of virtual machines, it needs to create image files for specific virtual machines, which adds a lot of additional development and testing workload, while the design concept of docker is to write once and run anywhere. As long as the docker container is still running, the application can be guaranteed to run normally.
Recommended related tutorials: docker tutorial
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docker中rm和rmi的区别:rm命令用于删除一个或者多个容器,而rmi命令用于删除一个或者多个镜像;rm命令的语法为“docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]”,rmi命令的语法为“docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]”。

docker官方镜像有:1、nginx,一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务;2、alpine,一个面向安全应用的轻量级Linux发行版;3、busybox,一个集成了三百多个常用Linux命令和工具的软件;4、ubuntu;5、PHP等等。

docker对于小型企业、个人、教育和非商业开源项目来说是免费的;2021年8月31日,docker宣布“Docker Desktop”将转变“Docker Personal”,将只免费提供给小型企业、个人、教育和非商业开源项目使用,对于其他用例则需要付费订阅。

docker容器重启后数据会丢失的;但是可以利用volume或者“data container”来实现数据持久化,在容器关闭之后可以利用“-v”或者“–volumes-from”重新使用以前的数据,docker也可挂载宿主机磁盘目录,用来永久存储数据。

docker能安装oracle。安装方法:1、拉取Oracle官方镜像,可以利用“docker images”查看镜像;2、启动容器后利用“docker exec -it oracle11g bash”进入容器,并且编辑环境变量;3、利用“sqlplus /nolog”进入oracle命令行即可。

AUFS是docker最早支持的存储引擎。AUFS是一种Union File System,是文件级的存储驱动,是Docker早期用的存储驱动,是Docker18.06版本之前,Ubuntu14.04版本前推荐的,支持xfs、ext4文件。

解决方法:1、停止docker服务后,利用“rsync -avz /var/lib/docker 大磁盘目录/docker/lib/”将docker迁移到大容量磁盘中;2、编辑“/etc/docker/daemon.json”添加指定参数,将docker的目录迁移绑定;3、重载和重启docker服务即可。

容器管理ui工具有:1、Portainer,是一个轻量级的基于Web的Docker管理GUI;2、Kitematic,是一个GUI工具,可以更快速、更简单的运行容器;3、LazyDocker,基于终端的一个可视化查询工具;4、DockStation,一款桌面应用程序;5、Docker Desktop,能为Docker设置资源限制,比如内存,CPU,磁盘镜像大小;6、Docui。


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