How to read files in golang

How does golang read files?

Four ways to read files in golang

Read files

The read files are placed in file/test: that is, the test file under the file package , write more files in it

Reading file method one: Use ioutil.ReadFile to read directly from the file into []byte

func Read0()  (string){
    f, err := ioutil.ReadFile("file/test")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("read fail", err)
    }
    return string(f)
}

Reading file method two: First read from the file to file In, when reading from file to buf, buf is appended to the final []byte

func Read1()  (string){
    //获得一个file
    f, err := os.Open("file/test")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("read fail")
        return ""
    }
    //把file读取到缓冲区中
    defer f.Close()
    var chunk []byte
    buf := make([]byte, 1024)
    for {
        //从file读取到buf中
        n, err := f.Read(buf)
        if err != nil && err != io.EOF{
            fmt.Println("read buf fail", err)
            return ""
        }
        //说明读取结束
        if n == 0 {
            break
        }
        //读取到最终的缓冲区中
        chunk = append(chunk, buf[:n]...)
    }
    return string(chunk)
    //fmt.Println(string(chunk))
}

Reading file method three: first read from file to file, then read from file to Reader, from Reader Read buf, buf is finally appended to []byte

//先从文件读取到file, 在从file读取到Reader中，从Reader读取到buf, buf最终追加到[]byte，这个排第三
func Read2() (string) {
    fi, err := os.Open("file/test")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer fi.Close()
    r := bufio.NewReader(fi)
    var chunks []byte
    buf := make([]byte, 1024)
    for {
        n, err := r.Read(buf)
        if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
            panic(err)
        }
        if 0 == n {
            break
        }
        //fmt.Println(string(buf))
        chunks = append(chunks, buf...)
    }
    return string(chunks)
    //fmt.Println(string(chunks))
}

Fourth way to read files: read into file, and then use ioutil to read the file directly into []byte

//读取到file中，再利用ioutil将file直接读取到[]byte中, 这是最优
func Read3()  (string){
    f, err := os.Open("file/test")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("read file fail", err)
        return ""
    }
    defer f.Close()
    fd, err := ioutil.ReadAll(f)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("read to fd fail", err)
        return ""
    }
    return string(fd)
}

Reading speed comparison

After my test, the reading speed ranking of these four methods is: the former is superior

Method four> Method one> Method three> Method four

Write file

Write file method one: use io.WriteString to write the file

func Write0()  {
    fileName := "file/test1"
    strTest := "测试测试"
    var f *os.File
    var err error
    if CheckFileExist(fileName) {  //文件存在
        f, err = os.OpenFile(fileName, os.O_APPEND, 0666) //打开文件
        if err != nil{
            fmt.Println("file open fail", err)
            return
        }
    }else {  //文件不存在
        f, err = os.Create(fileName) //创建文件
        if err != nil {
            fmt.Println("file create fail")
            return
        }
    }
    //将文件写进去
    n, err1 := io.WriteString(f, strTest)
    if err1 != nil {
        fmt.Println("write error", err1)
        return
    }
    fmt.Println("写入的字节数是：", n)
}

Write file method two: use ioutil.WriteFile to write the file

func Write1()  {
    fileName := "file/test2"
    strTest := "测试测试"
    var d = []byte(strTest)
    err := ioutil.WriteFile(fileName, d, 0666)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("write fail")
    }
    fmt.Println("write success")
}

The third way to write a file: Use File(Write,WriteString) to write a file

func Write2()  {
    fileName := "file/test3"
    strTest := "测试测试"
    var d1 = []byte(strTest)
    f, err3 := os.Create(fileName) //创建文件
    if err3 != nil{
        fmt.Println("create file fail")
    }
    defer f.Close()
    n2, err3 := f.Write(d1) //写入文件(字节数组)
    fmt.Printf("写入 %d 个字节n", n2)
    n3, err3 := f.WriteString("writesn") //写入文件(字节数组)
    fmt.Printf("写入 %d 个字节n", n3)
    f.Sync()
}

The fourth way to write a file: Use bufio.NewWriter to write a file

func Write3()  {
    fileName := "file/test3"
    f, err3 := os.Create(fileName) //创建文件
    if err3 != nil{
        fmt.Println("create file fail")
    }
    w := bufio.NewWriter(f) //创建新的 Writer 对象
    n4, err3 := w.WriteString("bufferedn")
    fmt.Printf("写入 %d 个字节n", n4)
    w.Flush()
    f.Close()
}

Check whether the file exists:

func CheckFileExist(fileName string) bool {
    _, err := os.Stat(fileName)
    if os.IsNotExist(err) {
        return false
    }
    return true
}

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