what is hardware

What is hardware?

Hardware (English name Hardware) is the abbreviation of computer hardware (termed in mainland China and Hong Kong, and Taiwan is called: hardware). It refers to the electronic, mechanical and optoelectronic components in the computer system. A general term for various physical devices. These physical devices form an organic whole according to the requirements of the system structure and provide a material basis for the operation of computer software.

In short, the function of the hardware is to input and store programs and data, and to execute the program to process the data into a usable form. From the appearance point of view, the microcomputer consists of a main chassis and external devices. The main chassis mainly includes CPU, memory, motherboard, hard disk drive, optical disk drive, various expansion cards, connecting cables, power supply, etc.; external devices include mouse, keyboard, etc.

Basic components

Operator, controller, memory connection

The computer consists of arithmetic unit, controller, memory, input device and output device, etc. Composed of five logical components

Operator

The arithmetic unit is composed of an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), an accumulator, a status register, a general-purpose register group, etc.

The basic functions of the Arithmetic Logic Operation Unit (ALU) are the four arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, logical operations such as AND, OR, NOT, and XOR, as well as operations such as shifts and complements.

Controller

The Controller (Control Unit) is the control center of the entire computer system. It directs all parts of the computer to work in a coordinated manner to ensure that the computer proceeds in an orderly manner according to predetermined goals and steps. Operation and processing.

The controller fetches instructions one by one from the memory, analyzes what operations each instruction specifies and the storage location of the required data, etc., and then sends control signals to other components of the computer based on the analysis results to uniformly command the entire computer. Complete the operations specified in the instruction.

Central Processing Unit

CentralProcessingUnit, CPU), composed of arithmetic units and controllers, is an essential core component in any computer system. The CPU is composed of arithmetic units and controllers, which are implemented by arithmetic circuits and control circuits respectively.

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