linux server hosts file configuration
The hosts file is a file in the Linux system responsible for rapid resolution of IP addresses and domain names, and is saved in ASCII format In the "/etc" directory, the file name is "hosts".
The hosts file contains the mapping between IP addresses and host names, and also includes aliases for the host names. In the absence of a domain name server, all network programs on the system query this file to resolve the IP address corresponding to a certain host name, otherwise they need to use a DNS service program to solve the problem. Usually, commonly used domain names and IP address mappings can be added to the hosts file to achieve quick and convenient access.
Let’s introduce the methods and steps to modify the hosts configuration file:
Required tools: vim/vi
1, Install vim editor
sudo apt install vim -y # debian sudo yum install vim -y # readhat
2. Use the editor to modify the hosts file
1. sudo vim /etc/hosts 2. 按下 i 键进入编辑模式
The format of the hosts file is as follows:
IP address host name/domain name
First part: network IP address;
Second part: host name or domain name;
Third part: host name Alias;
For example:
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 192.168.1.100 linmu100.com linmu100 192.168.1.120 ftpserver ftp120
3. Save after modification
1. 按下ESC 2. 输入 :wq
(Online video tutorial sharing: linux Video tutorial)
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Maintenance mode is a special operating level entered in Linux systems through single-user mode or rescue mode, and is used for system maintenance and repair. 1. Enter maintenance mode and use the command "sudosystemctlisolaterscue.target". 2. In maintenance mode, you can check and repair the file system and use the command "fsck/dev/sda1". 3. Advanced usage includes resetting the root user password, mounting the file system in read and write mode and editing the password file.

Maintenance mode is used for system maintenance and repair, allowing administrators to work in a simplified environment. 1. System Repair: Repair corrupt file system and boot loader. 2. Password reset: reset the root user password. 3. Package management: Install, update or delete software packages. By modifying the GRUB configuration or entering maintenance mode with specific keys, you can safely exit after performing maintenance tasks.

Linux network configuration can be completed through the following steps: 1. Configure the network interface, use the ip command to temporarily set or edit the configuration file persistence settings. 2. Set up a static IP, suitable for devices that require a fixed IP. 3. Manage the firewall and use the iptables or firewalld tools to control network traffic.

Maintenance mode plays a key role in Linux system management, helping to repair, upgrade and configuration changes. 1. Enter maintenance mode. You can select it through the GRUB menu or use the command "sudosystemctlisolaterscue.target". 2. In maintenance mode, you can perform file system repair and system update operations. 3. Advanced usage includes tasks such as resetting the root password. 4. Common errors such as not being able to enter maintenance mode or mount the file system, can be fixed by checking the GRUB configuration and using the fsck command.

The timing and reasons for using Linux maintenance mode: 1) When the system starts up, 2) When performing major system updates or upgrades, 3) When performing file system maintenance. Maintenance mode provides a safe and controlled environment, ensuring operational safety and efficiency, reducing impact on users, and enhancing system security.

Indispensable commands in Linux include: 1.ls: list directory contents; 2.cd: change working directory; 3.mkdir: create a new directory; 4.rm: delete file or directory; 5.cp: copy file or directory; 6.mv: move or rename file or directory. These commands help users manage files and systems efficiently by interacting with the kernel.

In Linux, file and directory management uses ls, cd, mkdir, rm, cp, mv commands, and permission management uses chmod, chown, and chgrp commands. 1. File and directory management commands such as ls-l list detailed information, mkdir-p recursively create directories. 2. Permission management commands such as chmod755file set file permissions, chownuserfile changes file owner, and chgrpgroupfile changes file group. These commands are based on file system structure and user and group systems, and operate and control through system calls and metadata.

MaintenanceModeinLinuxisaspecialbootenvironmentforcriticalsystemmaintenancetasks.Itallowsadministratorstoperformtaskslikeresettingpasswords,repairingfilesystems,andrecoveringfrombootfailuresinaminimalenvironment.ToenterMaintenanceMode,interrupttheboo


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