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How to implement java serialization

王林
王林Original
2019-12-03 15:08:232807browse

How to implement java serialization

序列化的实现:

将需要被序列化的类实现Serializable接口,该接口没有需要实现的方法,implements Serializable只是为了标注该对象是可被序列化的,然后使用一个输出流(如:FileOutputStream)来构造一个ObjectOutputStream(对象流)对象,接着,使用ObjectOutputStream对象的writeObject(Object obj)方法就可以将参数为obj的对象写出(即保存其状态),要恢复的话则用输入流。

对象序列化

java.io.ObjectOutputStream代表对象输出流,它的writeObject(Object obj)方法可对参数指定的obj对象进行序列化,把得到的字节序列写到一个目标输出流中。只有实现了SerializableExternalizable接口的类的对象才能被序列化。

java.io.ObjectInputStream代表对象输入流,它的readObject()方法从一个源输入流中读取字节序列,再把它们反序列化为一个对象,并将其返回。

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代码示例:

import java.io.*;
import java.util.Date;

public class ObjectSaver {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        /*其中的  D:\\objectFile.obj 表示存放序列化对象的文件*/

        //序列化对象
        ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("D:\\objectFile.obj"));
        Customer customer = new Customer("王麻子", 24);    
        out.writeObject("你好!");    //写入字面值常量
        out.writeObject(new Date());    //写入匿名Date对象
        out.writeObject(customer);    //写入customer对象
        out.close();

        //反序列化对象
        ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("D:\\objectFile.obj"));
        System.out.println("obj1 " + (String) in.readObject());    //读取字面值常量
        System.out.println("obj2 " + (Date) in.readObject());    //读取匿名Date对象
        Customer obj3 = (Customer) in.readObject();    //读取customer对象
        System.out.println("obj3 " + obj3);
        in.close();
    }
}

class Customer implements Serializable {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public Customer(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return "name=" + name + ", age=" + age;
    }
}

执行结果:

How to implement java serialization

说明:

1、读取对象的顺序与写入时的顺序要一致。

2、对象的默认序列化机制写入的内容是:对象的类,类签名,以及非瞬态和非静态字段的值。

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