Redis is a high-performance key-value database. It is completely open source and free. Moreover, redis is a NOSQL type database. It is a database created to solve a series of problems such as high concurrency, high expansion, and big data storage. The solution is a non-relational database.
Function:
Caching is the most common application scenario of Redis, so it is mainly used This is because Redis has excellent read and write performance. And it has gradually replaced memcached and become the preferred server-side cache component. Moreover, Redis supports transactions internally, which can effectively ensure data consistency when used. (Recommended learning: Redis video tutorial)
ranking, it is very troublesome to do this using traditional relational databases (mysql oracle, etc.) , and it can be easily done using the SortSet (ordered set) data structure of Redis;
Calculator/Speed Limiter, using the atomic auto-increment operation in Redis, we can count Similar to the number of user likes, user visits, etc., if MySQL is used for such operations, frequent reading and writing will bring considerable pressure; a typical usage scenario of the speed limiter is to limit the frequency of a user accessing a certain API. Commonly used ones are to prevent users from unnecessary pressure caused by crazy clicking during rush buying;
Friend Relationship uses some commands of collection, such as intersection, union, difference set, etc. It can easily handle functions such as mutual friends and common hobbies;
Simple message queue, in addition to Redis's own publish/subscribe mode, we can also use List to implement a queue mechanism. For example: requirements such as arrival notification and email sending do not require high reliability, but will bring a lot of DB pressure. You can use List to complete asynchronous decoupling;
Session Sharing, taking PHP as an example, the default Session is saved in the server file. If it is a cluster service, the same user may land on different machines, which will cause users to log in frequently; after using Redis to save the Session, regardless of the user The corresponding Session information can be obtained on that machine.
Some frequently accessed data. If the frequently accessed data is placed in a relational database, the cost of each query will be very high. However, if it is placed in redis, because redis is Can be accessed very efficiently in memory
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Key features of Redis include speed, flexibility and rich data structure support. 1) Speed: Redis is an in-memory database, and read and write operations are almost instantaneous, suitable for cache and session management. 2) Flexibility: Supports multiple data structures, such as strings, lists, collections, etc., which are suitable for complex data processing. 3) Data structure support: provides strings, lists, collections, hash tables, etc., which are suitable for different business needs.

The core function of Redis is a high-performance in-memory data storage and processing system. 1) High-speed data access: Redis stores data in memory and provides microsecond-level read and write speed. 2) Rich data structure: supports strings, lists, collections, etc., and adapts to a variety of application scenarios. 3) Persistence: Persist data to disk through RDB and AOF. 4) Publish subscription: Can be used in message queues or real-time communication systems.

Redis supports a variety of data structures, including: 1. String, suitable for storing single-value data; 2. List, suitable for queues and stacks; 3. Set, used for storing non-duplicate data; 4. Ordered Set, suitable for ranking lists and priority queues; 5. Hash table, suitable for storing object or structured data.

Redis counter is a mechanism that uses Redis key-value pair storage to implement counting operations, including the following steps: creating counter keys, increasing counts, decreasing counts, resetting counts, and obtaining counts. The advantages of Redis counters include fast speed, high concurrency, durability and simplicity and ease of use. It can be used in scenarios such as user access counting, real-time metric tracking, game scores and rankings, and order processing counting.

Use the Redis command line tool (redis-cli) to manage and operate Redis through the following steps: Connect to the server, specify the address and port. Send commands to the server using the command name and parameters. Use the HELP command to view help information for a specific command. Use the QUIT command to exit the command line tool.

Redis cluster mode deploys Redis instances to multiple servers through sharding, improving scalability and availability. The construction steps are as follows: Create odd Redis instances with different ports; Create 3 sentinel instances, monitor Redis instances and failover; configure sentinel configuration files, add monitoring Redis instance information and failover settings; configure Redis instance configuration files, enable cluster mode and specify the cluster information file path; create nodes.conf file, containing information of each Redis instance; start the cluster, execute the create command to create a cluster and specify the number of replicas; log in to the cluster to execute the CLUSTER INFO command to verify the cluster status; make

To read a queue from Redis, you need to get the queue name, read the elements using the LPOP command, and process the empty queue. The specific steps are as follows: Get the queue name: name it with the prefix of "queue:" such as "queue:my-queue". Use the LPOP command: Eject the element from the head of the queue and return its value, such as LPOP queue:my-queue. Processing empty queues: If the queue is empty, LPOP returns nil, and you can check whether the queue exists before reading the element.

Use of zset in Redis cluster: zset is an ordered collection that associates elements with scores. Sharding strategy: a. Hash sharding: Distribute the hash value according to the zset key. b. Range sharding: divide into ranges according to element scores, and assign each range to different nodes. Read and write operations: a. Read operations: If the zset key belongs to the shard of the current node, it will be processed locally; otherwise, it will be routed to the corresponding shard. b. Write operation: Always routed to shards holding the zset key.


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