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  PHP/FI
  PHP 继承自一个老的工程,名叫 PHP/FI。PHP/FI 在 1995 年由 Rasmus Lerdorf 创建,最初只是一套简单的 Perl 脚本,用来跟踪访问他主页的人们的信息。它给这一套脚本取名为“Personal Home Page Tools”。随着更多功能需求的增加,Rasmus 写了一个更大的 C 语言的实现,它可以访问数据库,可以让用户开发简单的动态 Web 程序。Rasmus 发布了 PHP/FI 的源代码,以便每个人都可以使用它,同时大家也可以修正它的 Bug 并且改进它的源代码。
  
  PHP/FI,一个专为个人主页/表单提供解释程序的程序,已经包含了今天 PHP 的一些基本功能。它有着 Perl 样式的变量,自动解释表单变量,并可以嵌入 HTML。语法本身与 Perl 很相似,但是它很有限,很简单,还稍微有些不协调。
  
  到1997年,PHP/FI 2.0,也就是它的 C 语言实现的第二版在全世界已经有几千个用户(估计)和大约 50,000 个域名安装,大约是 Internet 所有域名的 1%。但是那时只有几个人在为该工程撰写少量当代码,它仍然只是一个人的工程。
  
  PHP/FI 2.0 在经历了数个 beta 版本的发布后于 1997 年 11 月发布了官方正式版本。不久,PHP 3.0 的第一个 alpha 版本的发布,PHP 从此走向了成功。
  
  PHP 3
  PHP 3.0 是类似于当今 PHP 语法结构的第一个版本。Andi Gutmans 和 Zeev Suraski 在为一所大学的项目中开发电子商务程序时发现 PHP/FI 2.0 功能明显不足,于是他们重写了代码。这就是 PHP 3.0。经过Andi,Rasmus 和 Zeev 一系列的努力,考虑到 PHP/FI 已存在的用户群,他们决定联合发布 PHP 3.0 作为 PHP/FI 2.0 的官方后继版本。而 PHP/FI 2.0 的进一步开发几乎终止了。
  
  PHP 3.0 的一个最强大的功能是它的可扩展性。除了给最终用户提供数据库、协议和 API 的基础结构,它的可扩展性还吸引了大量的开发人员加入并提交新的模块。后来证实,这是 PHP 3.0 取得巨大成功的关键。PHP 3.0 中的其它关键功能包括面向对象的支持和更强大和协调的语法结构。
  
  这个全新的语言伴随着一个新的名称发布。它从 PHP/FI 2.0 的名称中移去了暗含“本语言只限于个人使用”的部分。它被命名为简单的缩写“PHP”。这是一种递归的缩写,它的全称是——PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor。
  
  1998 年末,PHP 的安装人数几近 10,000,有大约 100,000 个网站报告他们使用了 PHP。在 PHP 3.0 的顶峰,Internet 上 10% 的 Web 服务器上都安装了它。
  
  约九个月的公开测试后,官方于1998年6月正式发布 PHP 3.0。
  
  PHP 4
  1998 年的冬天,PHP 3.0 官方发布不久,Andi Gutmans 和 Zeev Suraski 开始重新编写 PHP 代码。设计目标是增强复杂程序运行时的性能和 PHP 自身代码的模块性。PHP 3.0 的新功能和广泛的第三方数据库、API的支持使得这样程序的编写成为可能,但是 PHP 3.0 没有高效处理如此复杂程序的能力。
  
  新的被称为“Zend Engine”(这是 Zeev 和 Andi 的缩写)的引擎,成功的实现了设计目标,并在 1999 年中期首次引入 PHP。基于该引擎并结合了更多新功能的 PHP 4.0,在 PHP 3.0 发布两年后,于2000年5月发布了官方正式版本。除了更高的性能以外,PHP 4.0 还包含了其它一些关键功能,比如:支持更多的 Web 服务器;HTTP Sessions 支持;输出缓存(output buffering);更安全的处理用户输入的方法;一些新的语言结构。
  
  PHP 4 是当前 PHP 的最新版本。修改和增强 Zend Engine 以使 PHP 5.0 整合新功能的工作已经开始。
  
  今天,已经有 10,000 名开发人员(估计)和几百万网站报告已安装了 PHP,占整个 Internet 域名的 20%。
  
  PHP 的开发小组有很多优秀的开发人员,同时还有大量的优秀人才在进行 PHP 相关工程的开发工作,如 PEAR 和 PHP 文档的工程。
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