How to manage PHP dependencies using Composer

Composer is a dependency management tool for PHP, so how to use Composer to manage PHP dependencies? Next, the composer usage tutorial column will explain how to use Composer to manage PHP dependencies.

Composer is a tool used in PHP to manage dependency relationships. You can declare the external libraries (libraries) you depend on in your project, and Composer will install these dependent library files for you.

System requirements:

Composer requires PHP5.3.2 or above to run. There are several sensitive PHP settings and compilation flags that are also required, but the installer will issue a warning when any incompatibilities exist. For example, the requirement for PHP extensions is to install or recompile php without –disable-phar

Composer is compatible with multiple platforms, and its operation is suitable for Windows, Linux and OSX.

This command will download composer.phar to the current directory.

Java Code

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php

You can use the --install-dir option to install Composer to a specified directory, for example:

Java Code

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- --install-dir=bin

Of course You can also install it globally:

Java code

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php  
mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

OSX installation (non-global)

Java code

brew tap josegonzalez/homebrew-php  
brew install josegonzalez/php/composer

But usually you only need to install composer Just add the location of .phar to the PATH environment variable, it doesn't have to be installed globally. After the installation is complete, check the installed version.

Composer China Mirror

Using this mirror service means that all downloaded installation package metadata will come from this mirror service instead of making requests to packagist.org. This will speed up the Composer installation process and make it more reliable and faster. (Due to well-known reasons, the connection speed of foreign websites is too slow and may be blocked at any time)

Generally, the installation package data (zip files, etc.) are generally downloaded from GitHub or other third-party servers Yes, after using this mirror service, we will cache all installation packages to the domestic computer room, so that we no longer have to make requests to foreign websites. Therefore, even if packagist.org, github.com or other third-party services fail (mainly The connection speed is too slow or blocked), you can still download and update the installation package.

Enable this mirror service: Add the following configuration information to the Composer configuration file config.json (system global configuration)

View the composer home directory: You can use the composer config -l -g command List the global configuration information of composer, and search for the [home] configuration item in this information, which is the home directory of composer. Linux users please execute the sudo composer config -l -g command.

Enter the composer's home directory, open the config.json file (if it doesn't exist, create one yourself), and then add the configuration information of this mirror service. The final content is as follows:

Java code

{  
    "config": {  
    },  
    "repositories": [  
        {"type": "composer", "url": "http://pkg.phpcomposer.com/repo/packagist/"},  
        {"packagist": false}  
    ]  
}

Declare dependencies

Create a composer.json file in the project directory and specify the dependencies. For example, your project depends on monolog: Add the Chinese mirror configuration information to your project In the composer.json file (configured for a single project)

Java code

{  
    "require": {  
        "monolog/monolog": "1.2.*"  
    }  
    /*"repositories": [ 
        {"type": "composer", "url": "http://pkg.phpcomposer.com/repo/packagist/"}, 
        {"packagist": false} 
    ]*/  
}

Installation dependencies

Installation dependencies are very Simple, just run in the project directory:

Java code

composer install  
composer update

If there is no global installation, run:

Java code

php composer.phar install

Automatic loading

Composer provides the feature of automatic loading. Just add the following line to the initialization part of your code:

Java code

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

Successful download and installation interface

Composer is a dependency management tool in PHP. Through Composer we can save a lot of files and control the versions of dependent packages when publishing software.

Composer中文网：http://www.phpcomposer.com/
Composer Github项目：https://github.com/composer/composer
PHP Composer软件包列表：https://packagist.org/

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