


Access, create, modify, and delete DOM nodes in JavaScript_Basic knowledge
DOM
DOM is the abbreviation of Document object Model. The document object model is a document that expresses XML or HTML in the form of tree nodes. Using DOM methods and properties, you can access, modify, delete any element on the page, and you can also add an element. DOM is a language-independent API that can be implemented in any language, including Javascript
Take a look at one of the texts below.
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>My page</title> </head> <body> <p class="opener">first paragraph</p> <p><em>second</em> paragraph</p> <p id="closer">final</p> </body> </html>
Let’s take a look at the second paragraph
<p><em>second</em> paragraph</p>
You can see that this is a p tag. It is included in the body tag. So body is the parent node of p, and p is the child node. The first and third paragraphs are also child nodes of the body. They are all sibling nodes of the second paragraph. This em tag is a child node of the second segment p. Therefore p is its parent node. The parent-child node relationship can depict a tree-like relationship. So it’s called DOM tree.
Core DOM and HTML DOM
We already know that DOM can depict HTML and XML documents. In fact, an HTML document is an XML document, but more standardized. Therefore, as part of DOM Level 1, the Core DOM specification applies to all XML documents and the HTML DOM specification extends Core DOM. Of course, HTML DOM does not apply to all XML documents, only to HTML documents. Let’s take a look at the constructors of Core DOM and HTML DOM.
Constructor relationship
Access DOM node
Before validating the form or changing the image, we need to know how to access the element (element.). There are many ways to get elements.
Document node
We can access the current document through document. We can use firebugs (Firefox plug-in) to view the document's properties and methods.
All nodes have nodeType, nodeName, nodeValue attributes. Let’s take a look at the nodeType of document
document.nodeType;//9
There are 12 node types in total. document is 9. Commonly used ones are element (element: 1), attribute (attribute: 2), and text (text: 3).
Nodes also have names. for HTML tags. The node name is the label name. The name of the text node (text) is #text. The name of the document node (document) is #document.
Nodes also have values. For text nodes, the value is the text. The value of document is null
documentElement
XML will have a ROOT node to wrap the document. for HTML documents. The ROOT node is the html tag. Access the root node. You can use the properties of documentElement.
document.documentElement;//<html> document.documentElement.nodeType;//1 document.documentElement.nodeName;//HTML document.documentElement.tagName;//对于element,nodeName和tagName相同
Child Nodes
In order to determine whether it contains child nodes, we can use the following method
document.documentElement.hasChildNodes();//true
HTML has two child nodes.
document.documentElement.childNodes.length;//2 document.documentElement.childNodes[0];//<head> document.documentElement.childNodes[1];//<body>
You can also access the parent node through the child node
document.documentElement.childNodes[1].parentNode;//<html>
We assign the reference of body to the variable
var bd = document.documentElement.childNodes[1]; bd.childNodes.length;//9
Let’s look at the structure of the body
<body> <p class="opener">first paragraph</p> <p><em>second</em> paragraph</p> <p id="closer">final</p> <!-- and that's about it --> </body>
Why is the number of child nodes 9?
First there are 4 P’s and a comment, a total of 4.
4 nodes include 3 blank nodes. That’s 7.
The 8th blank node between body and first p.
The ninth one is the blank node between the comment and

The future trends of Python and JavaScript include: 1. Python will consolidate its position in the fields of scientific computing and AI, 2. JavaScript will promote the development of web technology, 3. Cross-platform development will become a hot topic, and 4. Performance optimization will be the focus. Both will continue to expand application scenarios in their respective fields and make more breakthroughs in performance.

Both Python and JavaScript's choices in development environments are important. 1) Python's development environment includes PyCharm, JupyterNotebook and Anaconda, which are suitable for data science and rapid prototyping. 2) The development environment of JavaScript includes Node.js, VSCode and Webpack, which are suitable for front-end and back-end development. Choosing the right tools according to project needs can improve development efficiency and project success rate.

Yes, the engine core of JavaScript is written in C. 1) The C language provides efficient performance and underlying control, which is suitable for the development of JavaScript engine. 2) Taking the V8 engine as an example, its core is written in C, combining the efficiency and object-oriented characteristics of C. 3) The working principle of the JavaScript engine includes parsing, compiling and execution, and the C language plays a key role in these processes.

JavaScript is at the heart of modern websites because it enhances the interactivity and dynamicity of web pages. 1) It allows to change content without refreshing the page, 2) manipulate web pages through DOMAPI, 3) support complex interactive effects such as animation and drag-and-drop, 4) optimize performance and best practices to improve user experience.

C and JavaScript achieve interoperability through WebAssembly. 1) C code is compiled into WebAssembly module and introduced into JavaScript environment to enhance computing power. 2) In game development, C handles physics engines and graphics rendering, and JavaScript is responsible for game logic and user interface.

JavaScript is widely used in websites, mobile applications, desktop applications and server-side programming. 1) In website development, JavaScript operates DOM together with HTML and CSS to achieve dynamic effects and supports frameworks such as jQuery and React. 2) Through ReactNative and Ionic, JavaScript is used to develop cross-platform mobile applications. 3) The Electron framework enables JavaScript to build desktop applications. 4) Node.js allows JavaScript to run on the server side and supports high concurrent requests.

Python is more suitable for data science and automation, while JavaScript is more suitable for front-end and full-stack development. 1. Python performs well in data science and machine learning, using libraries such as NumPy and Pandas for data processing and modeling. 2. Python is concise and efficient in automation and scripting. 3. JavaScript is indispensable in front-end development and is used to build dynamic web pages and single-page applications. 4. JavaScript plays a role in back-end development through Node.js and supports full-stack development.

C and C play a vital role in the JavaScript engine, mainly used to implement interpreters and JIT compilers. 1) C is used to parse JavaScript source code and generate an abstract syntax tree. 2) C is responsible for generating and executing bytecode. 3) C implements the JIT compiler, optimizes and compiles hot-spot code at runtime, and significantly improves the execution efficiency of JavaScript.


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