search
HomeWeb Front-endHTML Tutorialcss 字体单位之间的区分以及字体响应式实现 - Mrdo

问题场景:

在实现响应式布局的过程中,如何设置字体大小在不同的视窗尺寸以及不同的移动设备的可读性?

 

需要了解的有:

1.px,em,pt之间的换算关系

1em = 16px

1px  = 1/16 em = 0.0625em

////以下用的比较少//////

1em = 12pt

1px = 3/4 pt = 0.75pt

1pt = 1/12 em 0.0833em

1pt = 4/3 px = 1.3333px

 

 

2.任意浏览器默认字体都是16px。所有未经调整的浏览器默认尺寸为 1em=16px

 

3.chrome强制最小字体为12px,即使设置成10px,最终会显示成12px。这点解释了为什么有时候在ie或mozllia里的字体大小与chrome有初入

 

4.px,em,rem vw,vh,vmin的区别在哪?

px:

相对单位。相对于屏幕分辨率。这就是为什么分辨率越大字体越小的原因所在。那px的优缺点又如何?

优点:比较稳定、精确。

缺点:如果对页面进行缩放,影响文本可读性。可通过使用em作为字体单位解决这个问题。

 

em:

相对单位。根据基准数值缩放字体大小,是一个相对值,而非具体值。基准值取决于,父级元素所设置的font-size。如果父级元素未设置font-size 依次向上寻找直到根节点。

优点:弥补了px的不足

缺点:过于依赖父级节点,容易出现字体大小重复声明。

 

rem:

相对单位。相对于根结点html的字体大小。

缺点:避免了em依赖父级元素字体大小

优点:参考系只有一个,根节点字体大小

<span style="font-size: 16px;">html{font-size:100%}

//响应式的字体大小相对于根节点变化
@media (min-width: 640px) { body {font-size:1rem;} }
@media (min-width:960px) { body {font-size:1.2rem;} }
@media (min-width:1100px) { body {font-size:1.5rem;} }
</span>

 

5.为什么根结点字体大小要设置成62.5%?

 

上面介绍过浏览器默认字体大小为16px,如果想要在不同的页面尺寸下设置字体大小分别为12、14、18px怎么办?

<span style="font-size: 16px;">html{font-size:16px}

//响应式的字体大小相对于根节点变化
@media (min-width: 640px) { body {font-size:12/16 rem;font-size:12px;  /某些浏览器不支持rem,需要再次使用px 声明font-size/} }
@media (min-width:960px)  { body {font-size:14/16 rem; font-size:14px; /*某些浏览器不支持rem,需要再次使用px声明font-size*/} }
@media (min-width:1100px) { body {font-size:18/16 rem; font-size:18px; /*同上*/} }
</span>

 

难道必须使用 12/16 rem,14/16rem,18/16rem 这种方式来计算字体的相对大小吗?

更简便的方式,在根结点设置字体大小为10px,这样一来在media里可以直接写成1.2rem,1.4rem,1.8rem。 根结点如果设置成10px,那么相对于浏览器默认字体大小为 font-size:10/16 % 即 font-size:62.5%

<span style="font-size: 16px;">html{font-size:10px}

//响应式的字体大小相对于根节点变化
@media (min-width: 640px) { body {font-size:1m=1.2 rem;font-size:12px;  /某些浏览器不支持rem/} }
@media (min-width:960px)  { body {font-size:1.4 rem; font-size:14px; /*某些浏览器不支持rem,需要再次使用px声明font-size*/} }
@media (min-width:1100px) { body {font-size:1.8 rem; font-size:18px; /*同上*/} }
</span>

  

 

参考内容:

响应式设计:使用响应式字体 http://www.w3cplus.com/responsive/understanding-responsive-web-design-how-to-manage-fonts.html

响应式十日谈:第一日 http://ued.taobao.org/blog/2013/05/rem-font-size/

关于字体大小适配:px rem em的组合使用 http://suqing.iteye.com/blog/2042739

Use legible font sizes https://varvy.com/mobile/legible-font-size.html

Responsive Font Size  http://stackoverflow.com/questions/15649244/responsive-font-size

Viewport Sized Typography https://css-tricks.com/viewport-sized-typography/

Responsive Font Size with CSS  http://codeitdown.com/responsive-font-size-css/

Responsive typography with REMs: How to build a scalable typographic foundation in three steps  http://blog.bugsnag.com/responsive-typography-with-rems

css font-size:em、px、rem 换算

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Difficulty in updating caching of official account web pages: How to avoid the old cache affecting the user experience after version update?Difficulty in updating caching of official account web pages: How to avoid the old cache affecting the user experience after version update?Mar 04, 2025 pm 12:32 PM

The official account web page update cache, this thing is simple and simple, and it is complicated enough to drink a pot of it. You worked hard to update the official account article, but the user still opened the old version. Who can bear the taste? In this article, let’s take a look at the twists and turns behind this and how to solve this problem gracefully. After reading it, you can easily deal with various caching problems, allowing your users to always experience the freshest content. Let’s talk about the basics first. To put it bluntly, in order to improve access speed, the browser or server stores some static resources (such as pictures, CSS, JS) or page content. Next time you access it, you can directly retrieve it from the cache without having to download it again, and it is naturally fast. But this thing is also a double-edged sword. The new version is online,

How do I use HTML5 form validation attributes to validate user input?How do I use HTML5 form validation attributes to validate user input?Mar 17, 2025 pm 12:27 PM

The article discusses using HTML5 form validation attributes like required, pattern, min, max, and length limits to validate user input directly in the browser.

How to efficiently add stroke effects to PNG images on web pages?How to efficiently add stroke effects to PNG images on web pages?Mar 04, 2025 pm 02:39 PM

This article demonstrates efficient PNG border addition to webpages using CSS. It argues that CSS offers superior performance compared to JavaScript or libraries, detailing how to adjust border width, style, and color for subtle or prominent effect

What are the best practices for cross-browser compatibility in HTML5?What are the best practices for cross-browser compatibility in HTML5?Mar 17, 2025 pm 12:20 PM

Article discusses best practices for ensuring HTML5 cross-browser compatibility, focusing on feature detection, progressive enhancement, and testing methods.

What is the purpose of the <datalist> element?What is the purpose of the <datalist> element?Mar 21, 2025 pm 12:33 PM

The article discusses the HTML <datalist> element, which enhances forms by providing autocomplete suggestions, improving user experience and reducing errors.Character count: 159

What is the purpose of the <progress> element?What is the purpose of the <progress> element?Mar 21, 2025 pm 12:34 PM

The article discusses the HTML <progress> element, its purpose, styling, and differences from the <meter> element. The main focus is on using <progress> for task completion and <meter> for stati

How do I use the HTML5 <time> element to represent dates and times semantically?How do I use the HTML5 <time> element to represent dates and times semantically?Mar 12, 2025 pm 04:05 PM

This article explains the HTML5 <time> element for semantic date/time representation. It emphasizes the importance of the datetime attribute for machine readability (ISO 8601 format) alongside human-readable text, boosting accessibilit

What is the purpose of the <meter> element?What is the purpose of the <meter> element?Mar 21, 2025 pm 12:35 PM

The article discusses the HTML <meter> element, used for displaying scalar or fractional values within a range, and its common applications in web development. It differentiates <meter> from <progress> and ex

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
2 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Repo: How To Revive Teammates
4 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Hello Kitty Island Adventure: How To Get Giant Seeds
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

MantisBT

MantisBT

Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

DVWA

DVWA

Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software