How to call each other between python files written by yourself

How do python files written by myself call each other? Module libraries in Python are very commonly used. You can customize commonly used modules by yourself, but how to call them?

Modules call each other

Two methods when calling the same level directory

 import module
 print(module.add(3,8))
 
 from module import add
 print(add(2,4))

Subdirectory calls of the same level directory

 from 文件相互调用 import cal
 print(cal.sub(3,8))
 from 文件相互调用.cal import  sub    #这种情况下加一个点（.），然后写目录
 print(sub(3,9))

Subdirectory calls of the subdirectories of the same level directory

 from 文件相互调用.文件2 import cal2
 print(cal2.mul(3,7))
 
 from 文件相互调用.文件2.cal2 import mul
 print(mul(3,7))

Go deeper one level in turn

from 文件相互调用.文件2.文件3 import cal3
print(cal3.divi(8,2))
from 文件相互调用.文件2.文件3.cal3 import  divi
print(divi(8,2))

Special Situation

from 文件相互调用.文件2 import 文件3    #这种不推荐用这种的
print(文件3.cal3.divi(8,2))

There is a special calling format, but it has two shortcomings:

First, the execution efficiency is low; secondly, it cannot determine whether the file is duplicated, etc.

from 文件相互调用 import *
print(cal.sub(3,8))

from 文件相互调用.文件2.文件3 import *
print(cal3.divi(8,2))

When calling multiple modules at the same time, the abbreviation can be as follows

import xx, xx,xx, ...   #即用逗号隔开

When import calls a module, it does two things:

1. The called module will be executed once

2 ,Introduce variable names (i.e. module names)

Normally, all programs are not written in one file, but written in different files according to functions

For example:

bin文件时程序的的入口
main 文件里只写逻辑程序
module 文件里面只写功能程序

Function of the package:

1. Used to organize modules, which can be sub-packaged according to the function of the module;

2.To avoid module conflicts; and with the same name If the modules are placed in different packages, there will be no conflicts.

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print(add(3,5))
    print('ok')
print(__name__)

if __name__ == "__main__": has two functions:

1. Put a certain file to test the result of the file. However, when the file is called, The statement will not be executed.

To put it simply: for testing the called file

2. Write this sentence in the calling program to prevent others from modifying my main program, which is only for others to call.

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