How to write encapsulation in java

In object-oriented programming methods, encapsulation (English: Encapsulation) refers to a method of partially packaging and hiding the implementation details of an abstract functional interface.

Encapsulation can be thought of as a protective barrier that prevents the code and data of the class from being randomly accessed by code defined by the external class. Access to the code and data of this class must be controlled through strict interfaces.

The main function of encapsulation is that we can modify our own implementation code without modifying the program fragments that call our code. Proper encapsulation can make the program code easier to understand and maintain, and also enhances the security of the program code.

Steps to implement Java encapsulation

1. Modify the visibility of the property to restrict access to the property (generally restricted to private), for example:

public class Person {
    private String name;    
    private int age;
}

In this code, the name and age attributes are set to private, which can only be accessed by this class and not by other classes, thus hiding the information.

And create a pair of values ​​(getter)methods and assignments (setter)# for each attribute ##Methods for access to these properties and

class Dog{
    String name;//成员变量
    int age;
   private char genter;//加private变为私有属性，要提供方法才能在外部进行调用
      
    public void setGenter(char genter){
        //加if语句可以防止乱输入
        if(genter=='男'||genter=='女'){
            this.genter=genter;//this.name,这个name为成员变量
        }else{
            System.out.println("请输入正确的性别");
        }
    }
    public char getGenter(){
        return this.genter;
    }
 
}
public class Test1{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Dog one=new Dog();
        one.setGenter('女');
        System.out.println(one.getGenter());
         
    }
}

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