How to write elegant code in php

php methods to write elegant code: 1. Plan the code structure; 2. Unify the coding style; 3. Portability; 4. Code security; 5. Add comments; 6. Avoid abbreviation marks; 7. Use single quotes instead of double quotes; 8. Escape the output; 9. Use commas to separate string output; 10. Check the passed value before output.

Writing excellent program code is an art. If you want to do this, you must develop good programming habits from the beginning. Good programming habits not only help with the initial design of the project (such as modularization), but also make the code you write easier to understand, making the maintenance of the code easier and less labor-intensive. Bad programming habits will cause code bugs and make future maintenance work difficult.

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This article uses PHP language as an example to introduce some good programming habits, hoping to be helpful to you.

1. Plan the code structure

Excellent PHP code should have a clear structure. The object-oriented nature of PHP allows programmers to break down applications into functions or methods. If the code is obscure, you can also add comments to make it clear what the code does. When coding, try to separate the front-end code (HTML/CSS/JavaScript) from the server-side rules of the application, or you can use a PHP framework that follows the MVC pattern to build your application.

2. Unified coding style

Excellent PHP code should have a unified style. For example, developing unified naming rules for variables and functions, developing unified access standards for cyclic tasks (such as database access, error handling), or maintaining regular code indentation. These coding habits can make others read the code more easily. easy.

3. Portability

Excellent PHP code should be portable. Programmers should learn to use PHP's existing features (such as magic quotes and short tags, etc.), understand product requirements, adapt to PHP's characteristics, and ensure that the written PHP code is portable and cross-platform.

4. Code security

Excellent PHP code should be secure. PHP5 has excellent features and flexibility, but the security of the application is often in the hands of the programmer. As a professional PHP developer, you should have some in-depth understanding of security vulnerabilities. Common security vulnerabilities include cross-site scripting attacks (XSS), cross-site request forgery (CSRF), code injection vulnerabilities, and character encoding vulnerabilities. Using specific features and functions in PHP (such as mysql_real_escape_string, etc.) can help programmers write safe code.

5. Add comments

Code comments are an important part of the code. They explain the purpose of function operation. Such comments will provide very useful help in future maintenance of the code.

6. Avoid abbreviated tags

Complete start tags should be used, and abbreviated start tags are not recommended.

7. Use single quotes instead of double quotes

Since PHP will perform variable search for the content in double quotes, in order to avoid the performance impact of this search, programmers should use single quotes Quote string.

8. Escaped output

You should use the ENT_QUOTES parameter in the htmlspecialchars function to ensure that single quotes (') can also be escaped. Although there is no requirement to do this, it is a good practice.

9. Use commas to separate string output

The string concatenator (.) can pass a single string to the echo statement for output. In contrast, commas can implement echo. Separate output of strings in statements is a performance improvement for PHP.

10. Check the passed value before outputting

You should remember to check the passed value of $_GET['query'] before outputting. Use the isset function or empty function to check whether the variable value is empty.

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