Shell command file compression and decompression gzip, zip detailed explanation

The main content of this article is about gzip and zip for file compression and decompression in shell commands. It has certain reference value. Interested friends can learn about it. I hope it will be helpful to you.

1.gzip: gzip compression tool

Function description of gzip command:

gzip command is used to compress files. gzip is a widely used compression program. After a file is compressed by it, a .gz extension will appear after its name.

The syntax format of the gzip command:

gzip [ -acdfhlLnNrtvV19 ] [-S suffix] [ name ... ]
gzip [-acdfhlLnNqrtvV][-S <压缩字尾字符串>][-<压缩效率>][--best/fast][文件...] 或 gzip [-acdfhlLnNqrtvV][-S <压缩字尾字符串>][-<压缩效率>][--best/fast][目录]

Common parameters description of the gzip command:

gzip has many parameters, as follows: Parameters and descriptions of the gzip command:

Parameter options Explanation

-a or --ascii Use ASCII text mode.

-c or --stdout or --to-stdout Output the compressed file to the standard output device without changing the original file.

-d or --decompress or ----uncompress Uncompress the compressed file.

-f or --force Forcibly compress the file. Ignores whether the file name or hard link exists and whether the file is a symbolic link.

-h or --help Online help.

-l or --list Lists information about compressed files.

-L or --license Display version and copyright information.

-n or --no-name When compressing a file, the original file name and timestamp will not be saved.

-N or --name When compressing a file, save the original file name and timestamp.

-q or --quiet Does not display warning messages.

-r or --recursive Recursive processing, all files and subdirectories in the specified directory will be processed together.​

-S or ----suffix Change the compressed suffix string.

-t or --test Test whether the compressed file is correct.

-v or --verbose Display the instruction execution process.

-V or --version Display version information.​

- Compression efficiency is a value between 1 and 9. The default value is "6". The larger the value specified, the higher the compression efficiency will be.

--best The effect of this parameter is the same as specifying the "-9" parameter.​

--fast ​ The effect of this parameter is the same as specifying the "-1" parameter.

Practical operation of gzip command

Example 1: Compressed file

[root@m01 ~]#  ls  <-->显示当前目录文件
a.c b.h d.cpp
[root@m01 ~]# gzip *  <-->压缩目录下的所有文件[root@w3cschool.cc a]# 
[root@m01 ~]# ls   <-->显示当前目录文件
a.c.gz    b.h.gz    d.cpp.gz

Example 2: Continuing from Example 1, list detailed information

[root@m01 ~]#  gzip -dv *  <-->解压文件，并列出详细信息
a.c.gz:     0.0% -- replaced with a.c
b.h.gz:     0.0% -- replaced with b.h
d.cpp.gz:     0.0% -- replaced with d.cpp

Example 3: Continuing from Example 1, display compressed file information

[root@m01 ~]# gzip -l *
     compressed    uncompressed ratio uncompressed_name
         24          0  0.0% a.c
         24          0  0.0% b.h
         26          0  0.0% d.cpp

2. zip: Compression tool

Function description of zip command

zip command is used to compress files. zip is a widely used compression program that compresses files to produce compressed files with a .zip extension.

The syntax format of zip command

zip [-aABcdDeEfFghjklLmoqrRSTuvVwXyz!@$] [--longoption ...] [-b path] [-n suffixes] [-t date] [-tt date]
zip [-AcdDfFghjJKlLmoqrSTuvVwXyz$][-b <工作目录>][-ll][-n <字尾字符串>][-t <日期时间>][-<压缩效率>][压缩文件][文件...][-i <范本样式>][-x <范本样式>]

Common parameter description of zip command:

zip There are many parameters, as follows zip Command parameters and descriptions:

Parameter options Explanation

-A Adjust the executable automatic decompression file.

-b Specifies the directory where files are temporarily stored.

-c Add comments to each compressed file.

-d Delete the specified file from the compressed file.

-D Does not create a directory name in the compressed file.

-f The effect of this parameter is similar to that of specifying the "-u" parameter, but it not only updates existing files, but if some files do not originally exist in the compressed file, using this parameter will add them to the compression. in the file.

-F Try to repair damaged compressed files.

-g Compress the file and append it to the existing compressed file instead of creating a new compressed file.

-h Online help.

-i

-j Only saves the file name and its contents, without storing any directory name.

-J Delete unnecessary data in front of the compressed file.

-k Use file names in MS-DOS compatible format.

-l When compressing a file, replace LF characters with LF CR characters.

-ll When compressing a file, replace LF CR characters with LF characters.

-L Display copyright information.

-m After compressing the file and adding it to the compressed file, delete the original file, that is, move the file to the compressed file.

-n Do not compress files with specific suffix strings.

-o Based on the file with the latest change time in the compressed file, set the change time of the compressed file to be the same as the file.

-q Does not display the instruction execution process.

-r Recursive processing, processing all files and subdirectories in the specified directory together.

-S Contains system and hidden files.

-t Set the date of the compressed file to the specified date.

-T Check whether each file in the backup file is correct.

-u Replace newer files into the compressed file.

-v Displays the instruction execution process or displays version information.

-V Save the file attributes of the VMS operating system.

-w If the version number is included in the file name, this parameter is only valid under the VMS operating system.

-x

-X Does not save additional file attributes.

-y Directly saves the symbolic link instead of the file pointed to by the link. This parameter is only valid under systems such as UNIX.

-z Add comments to the compressed file.

-$ Save the volume name of the disk where the first compressed file is located.

- Compression efficiency is a value between 1-9.

Practical operation of zip command

Example 1: Pack all files and folders in the /home/html/ directory into html.zip in the current directory:

zip -q -r html.zip /home/html

Example 2: If we are in the ·/home/html· directory, we can execute the following command:

zip -q -r html.zip *

Example 3: Delete the file a.c from the compressed file cp.zip

zip -dv cp.zip a.c

Today As I write this, if you have any questions or errors, you are always welcome to comment and give pointers.

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