Tutorial on jdbc link database (code example)

This article brings you a tutorial (code example) about jdbc link database. Friends in need can refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to you.

Introduction to JDBC

The full name of JDBC is: Java Data Base Connectivity (java database connection), which can provide unified access to a variety of databases. JDBC is a set of database access programming interfaces developed by sun. It is a SQL-level API. It is written in Java language, so it has good cross-platform characteristics. Database applications written using JDBC can run on any platform that supports Java without having to write different applications on different platforms.

JDBC Programming Steps

(1) Load the driver:

Download the driver package: http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/ Unzip connector/j/

and get the jar file. Copy this file to the Java project directory Java Resources/Libraries/, → buildpath.

(2) Obtain database connection

(3) Create Statement object:

(4) Send SQL command to database

(5 ) Process the returned results from the database (ResultSet class)

package com.baidu.emp.jdbcTest;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;
/**
 * 开始使用jdbc连接数据库
 * @author Admin
 *
 */
public class Test001 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        /**
         * 加载驱动
         */
        // 方法一：
        /*
         * import java.sql.DriverManager; import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;
         */
        // Driver driver = new Driver();
        // DriverManager.registerDriver(driver);

        // 方法二：(推荐使用)
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

        /**
         * 创建链接
         */
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testjdbc";
        String user = "root";
        String password = "root";
        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);

        // 创建statement对象
        Statement statement = connection.createStatement();

        /**
         * 执行SQL，获取结果集
         */
        String sql = "select * from test01";
        ResultSet result = statement.executeQuery(sql);

        // 遍历结果集
        while (result.next()) {
            String name = result.getString("name");
            int id = result.getInt("id");
            System.out.println(name + "\t" + id);
        }

        /**
         * 关闭链接，释放资源
         */
        result.close();
        statement.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

Prevent SQL injection and use prepareStatement

package com.boya.emp.jdbcTest;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
/**
 * SQL注入，使用prepareStatement对象进行预编译
 * @author Admin
 *
 */
public class Test002 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        /**
         * 加载驱动
         */
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

        /**
         * 创建链接
         */
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testjdbc";
        String user = "root";
        String password = "root";
        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);

        // 写SQL 
        String sql = "select * from test01 where id = ?";
        //创建statement对象，预编译
        PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        //设置参数
        statement.setInt(1, 2);
        /**
         * 执行SQL，获取结果集
         */
        ResultSet result = statement.executeQuery();

        // 遍历结果集
        while (result.next()) {
            String name = result.getString("name");
            int id = result.getInt("id");
            System.out.println(name + "\t" + id);
        }

        /**
         * 关闭链接，释放资源
         */
        result.close();
        statement.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

To optimize the code, set the configuration file, tool class, and add or delete the Check

Add configuration files to facilitate database modification and user login. . .

jdbc.properties (configuration file name)

driverName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testjdbc
userName=root
password=root

Note that there cannot be spaces or quotation marks in the middle when writing the configuration file

Tool class : Enhanced the reusability of the code

package com.baidu.emp.utils;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;

import org.junit.Test;



public class JdbcUtils {

    static String driverClassName;
    static String url;
    static String user;
    static String password;

    static {
        // 创建配置文件对象
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        // 加载配置文件输入流
        InputStream inputStream = JdbcUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("jdbc.properties");
        // 重新加载配置文件
        try {
            properties.load(inputStream);
            // 获取配置文件的值
            driverClassName = properties.getProperty("driverName");
            url = properties.getProperty("url");
            user = properties.getProperty("userName");
            password = properties.getProperty("password");
            Class.forName(driverClassName);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 抛出异常
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取连接
     */
    @Test
    public void testName() throws Exception {
        
        System.out.println(driverClassName);
    }
    public static Connection getConnection() {
        Connection connection = null;
        try {
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // 抛出异常
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        return connection;
    }

    /**
     * 关闭链接，释放资源
     */
    public static void close(Connection connection, PreparedStatement statement, ResultSet resultSet) {

        try {
            if (resultSet != null) {
                resultSet.close();
            }
            resultSet = null; // 垃圾及时清除
            //注意，不要弄成死循环
            close(connection, statement);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

    }

    /**
     * 增删改释放资源
     */
    public static void close(Connection connection, PreparedStatement statement) {

        try {
            if (connection != null) {
                connection.close();
            }
                
            connection = null;
            if (statement != null) {
                statement.close();
            }
            statement = null;

        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

    }

}

Test addition, deletion, modification and check:

package com.baidu.emp.jdbcTest;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.baidu.emp.utils.JdbcUtils;

/**
 * 使用jdbcUtils连接数据库进行增删改查
 * 
 * @author Admin
 *
 */
public class Test003 {

    // 初始化值
    Connection connection = null;
    PreparedStatement statement = null;
    ResultSet result = null;

    @Before
    public void start() throws Exception {
        // 创建链接
        connection = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
        System.out.println("创建链接");
    }

    @After
    public void end() throws Exception {
        // 关闭链接
        JdbcUtils.close(connection, statement, result);
        System.out.println("关闭链接");
    }
    
    /**
     *插入数据
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void add() throws Exception {
        String sql = "insert into test01 values(null,?)";
        statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        statement.setString(1, "李四");
        int result = statement.executeUpdate();
        if (result!=0) {
            System.out.println("添加成功");
        }
    }
    /**
     * 删除数据
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void del() throws Exception {
        String sql = "delete from test01 where id =?";
        statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        statement.setInt(1,3);
        int result = statement.executeUpdate();
        if (result!=0) {
            System.out.println("删除成功");
        }
    }
    /**
     * 修改数据
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void change() throws Exception {
        String sql = "update test01 set name = ? where id = ?";
        statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        statement.setString(1, "张飞");
        statement.setInt(2, 2);
        int result = statement.executeUpdate();
        if (result!=0) {
            System.out.println("修改成功");
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 查询全部数据
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void findAll() throws Exception {
        String sql = "select id , name from test01";
        statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        result = statement.executeQuery();
        if (result.next()) {
            System.out.println("查询成功");
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 条件查询数据
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void findOne() throws Exception {
        String sql = "select id , name from test01 where id = ?";
        statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
        statement.setInt(1, 2);
        result = statement.executeQuery();
        if (result.next()) {
            System.out.println("查询成功");
        }
    }

}

I hope colleagues will point out the errors.

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