Java is a computer programming language. It enables programmers to write computer instructions using English-based commands instead of having to use numeric codes. It is called a high-level language because it can be easily read and written by humans.
Like English, Java has a set of rules that determine how instructions are written. These rules are called grammar. When a program is written, the high-level instructions are converted into numerical code that the computer can understand and execute.
Why choose Java?
Java was designed with several key principles in mind:
Ease of use: The basics of Java come from a programming language called C. Although C is a powerful language, its syntax is complex and does not suit some of Java's requirements. Java builds on and improves on C's ideas to provide a powerful and easy-to-use programming language.
Reliability: Java needs to reduce the possibility of programmer errors leading to fatal errors. With this in mind, object-oriented programming was introduced. Java is very powerful when data and its operations are packaged together in one place.
Security: Since Java was originally targeted at mobile devices exchanging data over the network, it was built to include a high level of security. Java is probably the most secure programming language ever created.
Platform Independence: Programs need to work regardless of which machine they are executing on. Java was written as a portable, cross-platform language that does not care about the operating system, hardware or device it runs on.
The team at Sun Microsystems successfully combined these key principles, and Java's popularity can be traced back to the fact that it is a powerful, secure, easy-to-use, and portable programming language.
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