What is object-oriented

Object-oriented refers to a programming language, system or software approach built on the concept of logical objects. It performs a specific task, process, or goal by creating, utilizing, and manipulating reusable objects.

#What is object-oriented?

Object-oriented programming is a programming paradigm with the concept of objects, and it is also an abstract policy for program development. It may contain data, properties, code and methods. Objects refer to instances of classes. It takes the object as the basic unit of the program and encapsulates the program and data to improve the reusability, flexibility and scalability of the software. The program in the object can access and frequently modify the data associated with the object.

In the past, information systems were often defined primarily by their functionality: data and functionality were kept separate and related through input and output relationships.

However, the object-oriented approach focuses on objects that represent abstract or concrete things in the real world. These objects are first defined by their characters and attributes, which are represented by their internal structures and properties (data), and the behavior of the object is described by methods (functions).

Objects form a capsule that combines characteristics with behavior. The purpose of objects is to enable programmers to map real-world problems and their proposed software solutions on a one-to-one basis.

Typical objects in a business environment are for example "Customer", "Order" or "Invoice".

Object

Object is an instance of a class. They contain data and provide services. The data forms the properties of the object. These services are called methods (also called operations or functions). Typically, methods operate on private data (properties or state of the object), which is visible only to the object's methods. Therefore, the properties of an object cannot be changed directly by the user, but only by the object's methods. This guarantees the internal consistency of the object.

Class

Class describes the object. From a technical perspective, an object is a runtime instance of a class. In theory, you can create any number of objects based on a single class. Each instance (object) of a class has a unique identifier and its own set of attribute values.

Object Reference

In a program, you use unique object references to identify and address objects. Object references allow you to access an object's properties and methods.

In object-oriented programming, objects usually have the following properties:

Encapsulation

The object encapsulates its resources (properties and methods) have their visibility restricted to other users. Every object has an interface that determines how other objects interact with it. The implementation of an object is encapsulated, that is, not visible outside the object itself.

Inheritance

You can use an existing class to derive a new class. Derived classes inherit the data and methods of the superclass. However, they can override existing methods and also add new methods.

Polymorphism

The same (same name) method behaves differently in different classes. In ABAP objects, polymorphism is achieved by redefining methods during inheritance and using constructs called interfaces.

The use of object positioning

The following are some advantages of object-oriented programming:

Complex software systems become more Easy to understand because object-oriented structures provide a closer representation of reality than other programming techniques.

In a well-designed object-oriented system, it should be possible to implement changes at the class level without requiring changes elsewhere in the system. This reduces the total maintenance required.

Using polymorphism and inheritance, object-oriented programming allows you to reuse individual components.

In object-oriented systems, the effort involved in modifying and maintaining the system is reduced because many problems can be detected and corrected during the design phase.

Achieving these goals requires:

Object-oriented programming language

Object-oriented programming techniques do not necessarily rely on oriented Object programming language. However, the efficiency of object-oriented programming directly depends on how object-oriented language technology is implemented in the system core.

Object-oriented tools

Object-oriented tools allow you to create object-oriented programs using object-oriented languages. They allow you to model and store development objects and the relationships between them.

Object-oriented modeling

Object-oriented modeling of software systems is the most important, time-consuming and difficult requirement to achieve the above goals. Object-oriented design is not just about object-oriented programming, but also provides the advantage of logic that is independent of the actual implementation.

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