How to use Alibaba Cloud ECS SDK to create and manage preemptible instances reasonably and quickly

The content of this article is about how to use Alibaba Cloud ECS SDK to create and manage preemptible instances reasonably and quickly. It has certain reference value. Friends in need can refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to you. .

Manage preemptible instances

Preparation

##Before performing the operation, you need:

Learn about the instance specifications and regions that meet your business requirements.

Be familiar with the basic knowledge and calling methods of Alibaba Cloud ECS SDK. For details, please refer to the SDK usage instructions.

Note:

The preemptible instance code requires ECS SDK version 4.2.0 or above. Taking the Java POM dependency as an example, modify and introduce the pom dependency:

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.aliyun</groupId>
  <artifactId>aliyun-java-sdk-core</artifactId>
  <version>3.2.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.aliyun</groupId>
  <artifactId>aliyun-java-sdk-ecs</artifactId>
  <version>4.2.0</version>
</dependency>

Query the region and available instance specifications

Use the OpenAPI DescribeZones query to create The region and available instance specifications of preemptible instances. Sample code is shown below.

OpenApiCaller.java
public class OpenApiCaller {
  IClientProfile profile;
  IAcsClient client;
  public OpenApiCaller() {
      profile = DefaultProfile.getProfile("cn-hangzhou", AKSUtil.accessKeyId, AKSUtil.accessKeySecret);
      client = new DefaultAcsClient(profile);
  }
  public  <T extends AcsResponse> T doAction(AcsRequest<T> var1) {
      try {
          return  client.getAcsResponse(var1);
      } catch (Throwable e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
          return null;
      }
  }
｝
DescribeZonesSample.java
public class DescribeZonesSample {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
      OpenApiCaller caller = new OpenApiCaller();
      DescribeZonesRequest request = new DescribeZonesRequest();
      request.setRegionId("cn-zhangjiakou");//可以通过 DescribeRegionsRequest 获取每个地域的 RegionId
      request.setSpotStrategy("SpotWithPriceLimit");//对于查询是否可购买抢占式实例此项必填
      request.setInstanceChargeType("PostPaid");//后付费模式，抢占式实例必须是后付费模式
      DescribeZonesResponse response = caller.doAction(request);
      System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(response));
  }
}

The following is the output result. You can view the available instance specifications, disk types, network types and other information for each region.

{
  "requestId": "388D6321-E587-470C-8CFA-8985E2963DAE",
  "zones": [
      {
          "localName": "华北 3 可用区 A",
          "zoneId": "cn-zhangjiakou-a",
          "availableDiskCategories": [
              "cloud_ssd",
              "cloud_efficiency"
          ],
          "availableInstanceTypes": [
              "ecs.e4.large",
              "ecs.n4.4xlarge",
              "ecs.sn2.medium",
              "ecs.i1.2xlarge",
              "ecs.se1.2xlarge",
              "ecs.n4.xlarge",
              "ecs.se1ne.2xlarge",
              "ecs.se1.large",
              "ecs.sn2.xlarge",
              "ecs.se1ne.xlarge",
              "ecs.xn4.small",
              "ecs.sn2ne.4xlarge",
              "ecs.se1ne.4xlarge",
              "ecs.sn1.medium",
              "ecs.n4.8xlarge",
              "ecs.mn4.large",
              "ecs.e4.2xlarge",
              "ecs.mn4.2xlarge",
              "ecs.mn4.8xlarge",
              "ecs.n4.2xlarge",
              "ecs.e4.xlarge",
              "ecs.sn2ne.large",
              "ecs.sn2ne.xlarge",
              "ecs.sn1ne.large",
              "ecs.n4.large",
              "ecs.sn1.3xlarge",
              "ecs.e4.4xlarge",
              "ecs.sn1ne.2xlarge",
              "ecs.e4.small",
              "ecs.i1.4xlarge",
              "ecs.se1.4xlarge",
              "ecs.sn2ne.2xlarge",
              "ecs.sn2.3xlarge",
              "ecs.i1.xlarge",
              "ecs.n4.small",
              "ecs.sn1ne.4xlarge",
              "ecs.mn4.4xlarge",
              "ecs.sn1ne.xlarge",
              "ecs.se1ne.large",
              "ecs.sn2.large",
              "ecs.i1-c5d1.4xlarge",
              "ecs.sn1.xlarge",
              "ecs.sn1.large",
              "ecs.mn4.small",
              "ecs.mn4.xlarge",
              "ecs.se1.xlarge"
          ],
          "availableResourceCreation": [
              "VSwitch",
              "IoOptimized",
              "Instance",
              "Disk"
          ],
          "availableResources": [
              {
                  "dataDiskCategories": [
                      "cloud_ssd",
                      "cloud_efficiency"
                  ],
                  "instanceGenerations": [
                      "ecs-3",
                      "ecs-2"
                  ],
                  "instanceTypeFamilies": [
                      "ecs.mn4",
                      "ecs.sn1",
                      "ecs.sn2",
                      "ecs.sn1ne",
                      "ecs.xn4",
                      "ecs.i1",
                      "ecs.se1",
                      "ecs.e4",
                      "ecs.n4",
                      "ecs.se1ne",
                      "ecs.sn2ne"
                  ],
                  "instanceTypes": [
                      "ecs.n4.4xlarge",
                      "ecs.sn2.medium",
                      "ecs.i1.2xlarge",
                      "ecs.se1.2xlarge",
                      "ecs.n4.xlarge",
                      "ecs.se1ne.2xlarge",
                      "ecs.se1.large",
                      "ecs.sn2.xlarge",
                      "ecs.se1ne.xlarge",
                      "ecs.xn4.small",
                      "ecs.sn2ne.4xlarge",
                      "ecs.se1ne.4xlarge",
                      "ecs.sn1.medium",
                      "ecs.n4.8xlarge",
                      "ecs.mn4.large",
                      "ecs.mn4.2xlarge",
                      "ecs.mn4.8xlarge",
                      "ecs.n4.2xlarge",
                      "ecs.sn2ne.large",
                      "ecs.sn2ne.xlarge",
                      "ecs.sn1ne.large",
                      "ecs.n4.large",
                      "ecs.sn1.3xlarge",
                      "ecs.sn1ne.2xlarge",
                      "ecs.e4.small",
                      "ecs.i1.4xlarge",
                      "ecs.se1.4xlarge",
                      "ecs.sn2ne.2xlarge",
                      "ecs.sn2.3xlarge",
                      "ecs.i1.xlarge",
                      "ecs.n4.small",
                      "ecs.sn1ne.4xlarge",
                      "ecs.mn4.4xlarge",
                      "ecs.sn1ne.xlarge",
                      "ecs.se1ne.large",
                      "ecs.sn2.large",
                      "ecs.i1-c5d1.4xlarge",
                      "ecs.sn1.xlarge",
                      "ecs.sn1.large",
                      "ecs.mn4.small",
                      "ecs.mn4.xlarge",
                      "ecs.se1.xlarge"
                  ],
                  "ioOptimized": true,
                  "networkTypes": [
                      "vpc"
                  ],
                  "systemDiskCategories": [
                      "cloud_ssd",
                      "cloud_efficiency"
                  ]
              }
          ],
          "availableVolumeCategories": [
              "san_ssd",
              "san_efficiency"
          ]
      }
  ]
}

Query the historical price of a preemptible instance

Use OpenAPI DescribeSpotPriceHistory to query the price change data of a preemptible instance in the last 30 days. To obtain the region and specification information with the best price/performance ratio, the sample code (DescribeSpotPriceHistorySample.java) is as follows.

public class DescribeSpotPriceHistorySample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        OpenApiCaller caller = new OpenApiCaller();
        List<DescribeSpotPriceHistoryResponse.SpotPriceType>
         result = new ArrayList<DescribeSpotPriceHistoryResponse.SpotPriceType>();
        int offset = 0;
        while (true) {
            DescribeSpotPriceHistoryRequest request = new DescribeSpotPriceHistoryRequest();
            request.setRegionId("cn-hangzhou");
            //可以通过 DescribeRegionsRequest 获取可购买的每个地域的 RegionId
            request.setZoneId("cn-hangzhou-b");//可用区必填
            request.setInstanceType("ecs.sn2.medium");//参考 DescribeZones 返回的实例类型，必填
            request.setNetworkType("vpc");//参考 DescribeZones 返回的网络类型，必填
//            request.setIoOptimized("optimized");
                        //是否 I/O 优化类型，DescribeZones 返回的 IoOptimized，选填
//            request.setStartTime("2017-09-20T08:45:08Z");//价格开始时间，选填，默认 3 天内数据
//            request.setEndTime("2017-09-28T08:45:08Z");//价格结束时间，选填
            request.setOffset(offset);
            DescribeSpotPriceHistoryResponse response = caller.doAction(request);
            if (response != null && response.getSpotPrices() != null) {
                result.addAll(response.getSpotPrices());
            }
            if (response.getNextOffset() == null || response.getNextOffset() == 0) {
                break;
            } else {
                offset = response.getNextOffset();
            }
        }
        if (!result.isEmpty()) {
            for (DescribeSpotPriceHistoryResponse.SpotPriceType spotPriceType : result) {
                System.out.println(spotPriceType.getTimestamp() + "---> 
                spotPrice:" + spotPriceType.getSpotPrice() + "---->
                originPrice:" + spotPriceType.getOriginPrice());
            }
            System.out.println(result.size());
        } else {
        }
    }
}

The following are examples of returned results.

2017-09-26T06:28:55Z--->spotPrice:0.24---->originPrice:1.2
2017-09-26T14:00:00Z--->spotPrice:0.36---->originPrice:1.2
2017-09-26T15:00:00Z--->spotPrice:0.24---->originPrice:1.2
2017-09-27T14:00:00Z--->spotPrice:0.36---->originPrice:1.2
2017-09-27T15:00:00Z--->spotPrice:0.24---->originPrice:1.2
2017-09-28T14:00:00Z--->spotPrice:0.36---->originPrice:1.2
2017-09-28T15:00:00Z--->spotPrice:0.24---->originPrice:1.2
2017-09-29T06:28:55Z--->spotPrice:0.24---->originPrice:1.2

Repeat the above steps, and you can determine the price trend and recent price of resources of this specification in the availability zone.

Note:

You can use the average price and maximum price to decide whether you can accept the purchase of the preemptible instance. You can also analyze historical price data through a more reasonable data model and adjust the creation at any time. Resource specifications and availability zones to achieve the best price/performance ratio.

Create a preemptible instance

Before creating a preemptible instance, you need to complete the following work:

If you use To create a preemptible instance from a custom image, you must have created a custom image.

Create a security group in the console, or use OpenAPI CreateSecurityGroup to create a security group and obtain the security group ID (SecurityGroupId).

Create a VPC and switch in the console, or use OpenAPI CreateVpc and CreateVSwitch to create it, and get the switch ID (VSwitchId).

Use OpenAPI CreateInstance to create a preemptible instance. The sample code (CreateInstaneSample.java) is as follows.

public class CreateInstaneSample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        OpenApiCaller caller = new OpenApiCaller();
        CreateInstanceRequest request = new CreateInstanceRequest();
        request.setRegionId("cn-hangzhou");//地域 ID
        request.setZoneId("cn-hangzhou-b"); //可用区ID
        request.setSecurityGroupId("sg-bp11nhf94ivkdxwb2gd4");//提前创建的安全组 ID
        request.setImageId("centos_7_03_64_20G_alibase_20170818.vhd");
        //建议选择您自己在该地域准备的自定义镜像
        request.setVSwitchId("vsw-bp164cyonthfudn9kj5br");//VPC 类型需要交换机 ID
        request.setInstanceType("ecs.sn2.medium"); //填入您询价后需要购买的规格
        request.setIoOptimized("optimized");//参考 DescirbeZones 返回参数
        request.setSystemDiskCategory("cloud_ssd");
        //参考 DescirbeZones 返回参数，多选一 cloud_ssd, cloud_efficiency, cloud
        request.setSystemDiskSize(40);
        request.setInstanceChargeType("PostPaid");//抢占式实例必须后付费
        request.setSpotStrategy("SpotWithPriceLimit");
        //SpotWithPriceLimit 出价模式，SpotAsPriceGo 不用出价，最高按量付费价格
        request.setSpotPriceLimit(0.25F);//SpotWithPriceLimit 
        出价模式生效，您能接受的最高价格，单位为元每小时，必须高于当前的市场成交价才能成功
        CreateInstanceResponse response = caller.doAction(request);
        System.out.println(response.getInstanceId());
    }
}

Recycling of preemptible instances

When preemptible instances may be forcibly recycled due to price factors or changes in market supply and demand. At this time, the interrupt of the preemptible instance will be triggered. Before releasing, the preemptible instance will enter the locked state, indicating that the instance will be automatically recycled. You can automate the exit logic for an instance based on its recycling status.

Currently, you can obtain the interrupt lock status of a preemptible instance through any of the following methods:

Get it through instance metadata. Run the following command:

curl 'http://100.100.100.200/latest/meta-data/instance/spot/termination-time'

If the return value is empty, the instance can be used continuously. If information in a format similar to 2015-01-05T18:02:00Z (UTC time) is returned, it means that the instance will be released at this time.

Use OpenAPI DescribeInstances to determine whether the instance has entered the pending recycling state based on the returned OperationLocks. The code sample is as follows (DescribeInstancesSample.java).

public class DescribeInstancesSample {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
      OpenApiCaller caller = new OpenApiCaller();
      JSONArray allInstances = new JSONArray();
      allInstances.addAll(Arrays.asList("i-bp18hgfai8ekoqwo0y2n", "i-bp1ecbyds24ij63w146c"));
      while (!allInstances.isEmpty()) {
          DescribeInstancesRequest request = new DescribeInstancesRequest();
          request.setRegionId("cn-hangzhou");
          request.setInstanceIds(allInstances.toJSONString());//指定实例 ID，效率最高
          DescribeInstancesResponse response = caller.doAction(request);
          List<DescribeInstancesResponse.Instance> instanceList = response.getInstances();
          if (instanceList != null && !instanceList.isEmpty()) {
              for (DescribeInstancesResponse.Instance instance : instanceList) {
                  System.out.println
               ("result:instance:" + instance.getInstanceId() + ",az:" + instance.getZoneId());
                  if (instance.getOperationLocks() != null) {
            for (DescribeInstancesResponse.Instance.LockReason 
            lockReason : instance.getOperationLocks()) {
   System.out.println("instance:" + instance.getInstanceId() + "-->
   lockReason:" + lockReason.getLockReason() + ",vmStatus:" + instance.getStatus());
          if ("Recycling".equals(lockReason.getLockReason())) {
           //do your action
  System.out.println("spot instance will be recycled immediately, 
  instance id:" + instance.getInstanceId());
        allInstances.remove(instance.getInstanceId());
                          }
                      }
                  }
              }
              System.out.print("try describeInstances again later ...");
              Thread.sleep(2 * 60 * 1000);
          } else {
              break;
          }
      }
  }
}

The output result when recycling is triggered is as follows:

instance:i-bp1ecbyds24ij63w146c-->lockReason:Recycling,vmStatus:Stopped
spot instance will be recycled immediately, instance id:i-bp1ecbyds24ij63w146c

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