How to manually deploy a Java web project using a basic configuration cloud server ECS instance

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Manual deployment of Java Web projects

Applicable objects

This document introduces how to use a basic configuration cloud server ECS Example deployment Java web project. It is suitable for individual users who have just started using Alibaba Cloud to build websites.

Configuration requirements

#The software versions listed here only represent the versions used in writing this document. When operating, please refer to the actual software version.

Operating system: CentOS 7.4

Tomcat version: Tomcat 8.5.23

JDK version: JDK 1.8.0_141

Installation Preparation

The CentOS 7.4 system has the firewall enabled by default. You can turn off the firewall, or refer to the official website documentation to add rules in the firewall to allow incoming rules for ports 80, 443, or 8080.

Turn off the firewall:

systemctl stop firewalld.service

Turn off the firewall auto-start function:

systemctl disable firewalld.service

Create a general user www, run tomcat:

useradd www

Release in the security group Port 8080. For specific operations, please refer to Adding Security Group Rules.

Create the website root directory:

mkdir -p /data/wwwroot/default

Create a new Tomcat test page:

echo Tomcat test > /data/wwwroot/default/index.jsp
chown -R www.www /data/wwwroot

Download the source code

wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.23/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.23.tar.gz

Note: The source code version will be continuously upgraded. You can obtain the appropriate installation package address in the https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/ directory.

wget http://mirrors.linuxeye.com/jdk/jdk-8u141-linux-x64.tar.gz

Note: The source code version will be continuously upgraded. You can obtain the appropriate installation package address in the http://mirrors.linuxeye.com/jdk/ directory.

Install JDK

Follow the following steps to install JDK.

Create a new directory:

mkdir /usr/java

Extract jdk-8u141-linux-x64.tar.gz to /usr/java.

tar xzf jdk-8u141-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/java

Set environment variables:

Edit /etc/profile: vi /etc/profile.

Press the i key to enter edit mode.

Add the following information in the /etc/profile file:

#set java environment
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_141
export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

Press the Esc key to exit edit mode, enter :wq to save and close the file.

Load environment variables: source /etc/profile.

Check jdk version. When the jdk version information appears, it means that the JDK has been installed successfully.

java -version

java version "1.8.0_141"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_141-b15)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.141-b15, mixed mode)

Installing Tomcat

Follow the following steps to install Tomcat.

Run the following commands in sequence to decompress apache-tomcat-8.5.23.tar.gz, rename the Tomcat directory, and set user permissions.

tar xzf apache-tomcat-8.5.23.tar.gz
mv apache-tomcat-8.5.23 /usr/local/tomcat/
chown -R www.www /usr/local/tomcat/

Description:

In the /usr/local/tomcat/ directory:

bin directory stores some script files of Tomcat, including scripts for starting and shutting down the Tomcat service.

conf: Stores various global configuration files of the Tomcat server, the most important of which are server.xml and web.xml.

webapps: Tomcat’s main Web publishing directory. Web application files are placed in this directory by default.

logs: Stores the log files when Tomcat is executed.

Configure server.xml file:

Switch to the /usr/local/tomcat/conf/ directory: cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/.

Rename the server.xml file: mv server.xml server.xml_bk.

Create a new server.xml file:

Run the command vi server.xml.

Press the i key to enter edit mode.

Add the following content:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/>
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/>
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener"/>
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"/>
<GlobalNamingResources>
  <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
            type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
            description="User database that can be updated and saved"
            factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
            pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml"/>
</GlobalNamingResources>
<Service name="Catalina">
  <Connector port="8080"
            protocol="HTTP/1.1"
            connectionTimeout="20000"
            redirectPort="8443"
            maxThreads="1000"
            minSpareThreads="20"
            acceptCount="1000"
            maxHttpHeaderSize="65536"
            debug="0"
            disableUploadTimeout="true"
            useBodyEncodingForURI="true"
            enableLookups="false"
            URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>
  <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
    <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
             resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
    </Realm>
    <Host name="localhost" appBase="/data/wwwroot/default" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
      <Context path="" docBase="/data/wwwroot/default" debug="0" reloadable="false" crossContext="true"/>
      <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
        prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt" pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
    </Host>
  </Engine>
</Service>
</Server>

Set JVM memory parameters:

Run command vi /usr/local/tomcat/bin/setenv.sh, create /usr/local/ tomcat/bin/setenv.sh.

Press the i key to enter edit mode.

Add the following:

JAVA_OPTS='-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom -server -Xms256m -Xmx496m -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8'

Press the Esc key to exit edit mode, enter :wq to save and exit the file.

Set Tomcat auto-start script.

Download script: wget https://github.com/lj2007331/oneinstack/raw/master/init.d/Tomcat-init

Rename Tomcat-init: mv Tomcat-init/ etc/init.d/tomcat

Add execution permissions: chmod x /etc/init.d/tomcat

Run the following command to set the startup script JAVA_HOME.

sed -i 's@^export JAVA_HOME=.*@export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_141@' /etc/init.d/tomcat

Set up auto-start.

chkconfig --add tomcat
chkconfig tomcat on

Start Tomcat.

service tomcat start

Enter http://ip:8080 in the browser address bar to access. When the page shown in the figure appears, the installation is successful.

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