本篇文章给大家带来的内容是关于原生js实现日历的思路与代码,有一定的参考价值,有需要的朋友可以参考一下,希望对你有所帮助。
demo效果:
实现日历的思路:
1、利用new Date()获取今天日期
2、判断今年是平年还是闰年,确定今年每个月有多少天
3、确定今天日期所在月的第一天是星期几
4、计算出日历的行数
5、利用今天日期所在月的天数与该月第一天星期几来渲染日历表格
6、左右切换月份
源码:
html
<div class="calendar-container"> <div class="calendar-header"> <div class="left btn"><</div> <div class="year"></div> <div class="right btn">></div> </div> <div class="calendar-body"> <div class="week-row"> <div class="week box">日</div> <div class="week box">一</div> <div class="week box">二</div> <div class="week box">三</div> <div class="week box">四</div> <div class="week box">五</div> <div class="week box">六</div> </div> <div class="day-rows"> <!--日期的渲染的地方--> </div> </div> </div>
css
.calendar-container{ width: calc(31px*7 + 1px); } .calendar-header{ display: flex; justify-content: space-between; } .year{ text-align: center; line-height: 30px; } .btn{ width: 30px; height: 30px; text-align: center; line-height: 30px; cursor: pointer; } .calendar-body{ border-right: 1px solid #9e9e9e; border-bottom: 1px solid #9e9e9e; } .week-row, .day-rows, .day-row{ overflow: hidden; } .box{ float: left; width: 30px; height: 30px; border-top: 1px solid #9e9e9e; border-left: 1px solid #9e9e9e; text-align: center; line-height: 30px; } .week{ background: #00bcd4; } .day{ background: #ffeb3b; } .curday{ background: #ff5722; }
js
// 获取今天日期 let curTime = new Date(), curYear = curTime.getFullYear(), curMonth = curTime.getMonth(), curDate = curTime.getDate(); console.log(curTime, curYear, curMonth, curDate) // 判断平年还是闰年 function isLeapYear(year){ return (year%400 === 0) || ((year%4 === 0) && (year%100 !== 0)) } function render(curYear, curMonth){ document.querySelector('.year').innerHTML = `${curYear}年${curMonth + 1}月`; // 判断今年是平年还是闰年,并确定今年的每个月有多少天 let daysInMonth = [31, isLeapYear(curYear) ? 29 : 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]; // 确定今天日期所在月的第一天是星期几 let firstDayInMonth = new Date(curYear, curMonth, 1), firstDayWeek = firstDayInMonth.getDay(); // 根据当前月的天数和当前月第一天星期几来确定当前月的行数 let calendarRows = Math.ceil((firstDayWeek + daysInMonth[curMonth])/7); // 将每一行的日期放入到rows数组中 let rows = []; // 外循环渲染日历的每一行 for(let i = 0; i < calendarRows; i++){ rows[i] = `<p class="day-row">`; // 内循环渲染日历的每一天 for(let j = 0; j < 7; j++){ // 内外循环构成了一个calendarRows*7的表格,为当前月的每个表格设置idx索引; // 利用idx索引与当前月第一天星期几来确定当前月的日期 let idx = i*7 + j, date = idx - firstDayWeek + 1; // 过滤掉无效日期、渲染有效日期 if(date <= 0 || date > daysInMonth[curMonth]){ rows[i] += `<p class="day box"></p>` }else if(date === curDate){ rows[i] += `<p class="day box curday">${date}</p>` }else{ rows[i] += `<p class="day box">${date}</p>` } } rows[i] += `</p>` } let dateStr = rows.join(''); document.querySelector('.day-rows').innerHTML = dateStr; } // 首次调用render函数 render(curYear, curMonth); let leftBtn = document.querySelector('.left'), rightBtn = document.querySelector('.right'); // 向左切换月份 leftBtn.addEventListener('click', function(){ curMonth--; if(curMonth < 0){ curYear -= 1; curMonth = 11; } render(curYear, curMonth); }) // 向右切换月份 rightBtn.addEventListener('click', function(){ curMonth++; if(curMonth > 11){ curYear += 1; curMonth = 0; } render(curYear, curMonth); })
小结:
1、为了实现左右切换月份,将日历日期渲染代码放入到了render
函数,方便月份切换后重新渲染;
2、确定当前月的行数时,要结合当前月的天数与当前月第一天星期几来共同确定;
3、原生js日历中比较核心的就是如何确定每一天的日期,在这儿利用了内外循环,内外循环构成了一个calendarRows*7的表格,为当前月的每个表格设置idx索引;利用idx索引与当前月第一天星期几来确定当前月的日期;记得要过滤掉无效日期!!!
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