How to use CSS and D3 to achieve dynamic effects of spaceships

This article introduces to you how to use CSS and D3 to achieve the dynamic effect of a spaceship. It has certain reference value. Friends in need can refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to you.

Effect Preview

##Code Interpretation

Definition dom,

spacecraft represents the spacecraft, and the container contains 1 element representing the tail fins:

<div>
    <div></div>
</div>

Centered display:

body {
    margin: 0;
    height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: linear-gradient(black, midnightblue);
}

Draw the spaceship cabin:

.spacecraft {
    width: 7em;
    height: 11em;
    font-size: 16px;
    background: 
        linear-gradient(whitesmoke, darkgray);
    border-radius: 50% / 70% 70% 5% 5%;
}

Use pseudo elements to draw the flames at the tail of the spacecraft:

.spacecraft::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 6em;
    height: 2em;
    background-color: #444;
    border-radius: 20%;
    top: 10em;
    left: 0.5em;
    z-index: -1;
}

.spacecraft::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    width: 4em;
    height: 4em;
    background: gold;
    top: 10em;
    left: 1.5em;
    border-radius: 80% 0 50% 45% / 50% 0 80% 45%;
    transform: rotate(135deg);
    border: 0.5em solid orange;
    z-index: -2;
}

Draw the tails on both sides of the spacecraft:

.fins::before,
.fins::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 2em;
    height: 6em;
    background: linear-gradient(tomato, darkred);
    top: 7em;
}

.fins::before {
    left: -2em;
    border-radius: 3em 0 50% 100%;
}

.fins::after {
    right: -2em;
    border-radius: 0 3em 100% 50%;
}

Use radial gradient to draw the spacecraft Porthole:

.spacecraft {
    background: 
        radial-gradient(
            circle at 3.5em 5em,
            transparent 1.5em,
            lightslategray 1.5em, lightslategray 2em,
            transparent 2em
        ),
        radial-gradient(
            circle at 3.3em 5.2em,
            deepskyblue 1.4em,
            transparent 1.6em
        ),
        radial-gradient(
            circle at 3.5em 5em,
            white 1.5em,
            transparent 1.5em
        ),
        linear-gradient(whitesmoke, darkgray);
}

Increase the animation effect of the ship’s flame jet:

.spacecraft::after {
    animation: flame-spout 0.3s infinite;
}

@keyframes flame-spout {
    0%, 100% {
        filter: opacity(0.1);
    }

    50% {
        filter: opacity(1);
    }
}

Next, draw the starry sky.

Add the
stars container in the dom, which contains 4 sub-elements representing stars:

    
    
    
    

<div>
    <div></div>
</div>

Define the style of the stars:

.stars span {
    position: absolute;
    width: 2px;
    height: 8px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background-color: white;
    top: calc(50% - 7em);
}

Use variables to distribute the stars in Different positions in the horizontal direction:

.stars span {
    left: calc(var(--left) * 1vw);
}

.stars span:nth-child(1) {
    --left: 20;
}

.stars span:nth-child(2) {
    --left: 40;
}

.stars span:nth-child(3) {
    --left: 60;
}

.stars span:nth-child(4) {
    --left: 80;
}

Use variables to set the size and opacity of the stars so that each star looks slightly different:

.stars span {
    width: calc(var(--size) * 1px);
    height: calc(var(--size) * 4px);
    filter: opacity(var(--opacity));
}

.stars span:nth-child(1) {
    --size: 0.8;
    --opacity: 0.5;
}

.stars span:nth-child(2) {
    --size: 1.25;
    --opacity: 0.6;
}

.stars span:nth-child(3) {
    --size: 1.5;
    --opacity: 0.7;
}

.stars span:nth-child(4) {
    --size: 2;
    --opacity: 0.8;
}

Define the animation effect of stars floating through space :

.stars span {
    top: -5vh;
    animation: star-move linear infinite;
}

@keyframes star-move {
    to {
        top: 100vh;
    }
}

Use variables to set the duration and delay time of the animation:

.stars span {
    animation-duration: calc(var(--duration) * 1s);
    animation-delay: calc(var(--delay) * 1s);
}

.stars span:nth-child(1) {
    --duration: 1;
    --delay: -0.05;
}

.stars span:nth-child(2) {
    --duration: 1.5;
    --delay: -0.1;
}

.stars span:nth-child(3) {
    --duration: 2;
    --delay: -0.15;
}

.stars span:nth-child(4) {
    --duration: 2.5;
    --delay: -0.2;
}

Hide the content outside the screen:

body {
    overflow: hidden;
}

Next, use d3 to batch process the dom elements representing the stars. and css variables.

Introduce d3 library:

<script></script>

Use d3 to create dom elements representing stars:

const COUNT_OF_STARS = 4;

d3.select('.stars')
    .selectAll('span')
    .data(d3.range(COUNT_OF_STARS))
    .enter()
    .append('span');

Use d3 as css variable

--left, -- size, --opacity assignment, the value range of --left is 1 to 100, the value range of --size is 1 to 2.5, the value range of '--opacity' is 0.5 to 0.8:

d3.select('.stars')
    .selectAll('span')
    .data(d3.range(COUNT_OF_STARS))
    .enter()
    .append('span')
    .style('--left', () => Math.ceil(Math.random() * 100))
    .style('--size', () => Math.random() * 1.5 + 1)
    .style('--opacity', () => Math.random() * 0.3 + 0.5);

Use d3 to assign values ​​to css variables

--duration and --delay,# The value range of ##--duration is 1 to 3, and the value of --delay is reduced by 0.05: <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">d3.select('.stars')     .selectAll('span')     .data(d3.range(COUNT_OF_STARS))     .enter()     .append('span')     .style('--left', () =&gt; Math.ceil(Math.random() * 100))     .style('--size', () =&gt; Math.random() * 1.5 + 1)     .style('--opacity', () =&gt; Math.random() * 0.3 + 0.5)     .style('--duration', () =&gt; Math.random() * 2 + 1)     .style('--delay', (d) =&gt; d * -0.05);</pre>Delete the relevant dom statement in the html file and variable declarations in css files.

Finally, increase the number of stars to 30:

const COUNT_OF_STARS = 30;

You’re done!

Recommended related articles:

How to use pure CSS to achieve the effect of a Saturn

How to use CSS and D3 to achieve endless six sides The effect of shape space

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