Introduction to Personal Development of Popular WeChat Mini Programs in 2018 (with code)

This article details the development process of WeChat applet. Following the operation, it will take you step by step to create a WeChat applet, and you can experience the actual effect of the applet on your mobile phone.

Development preparations

Get the AppID of the WeChat applet

Log in to https://mp.weixin.qq.com, you can go to the "Settings" - " In "Developer Settings", you can see the AppID of the WeChat applet. Note that you cannot directly use the AppID of the service account or subscription account.

Download development tools

Download address: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/wxadoc/dev/devtools/download.html?t= 1476197489869

New project

After the developer tools are installed, open and use WeChat to scan the QR code to log in. Select Create "Project", fill in the AppID obtained above, set a local project name (not a mini program name), such as "My First Project", and select a local folder as the directory where the code is stored , just click "New Project".
In order to facilitate beginners to understand the basic code structure of the WeChat applet, during the creation process, if the selected local folder is an empty folder, the developer tool will prompt whether it is necessary to create a quick start project. Select "Yes" and the developer tools will help us generate a simple demo in the development directory.

That’s it. Let’s take a look at the main interface.
The entire development tool is basically divided into three parts.
First column: table-item Each button represents a page
Second column: webview Your page is displayed here in real time
Third column: Chrome debugging tool, let’s call it this for now, because it is Charome's debugging tool is used, where you can debug the page style, js, network detection, input and output, etc.

Write sample small code

Create small program instance

Click "Edit" in the left navigation of the developer tools, we can see that this project has been initialized and contains Some simple code files. The most critical and essential ones are app.js, app.json, and app.wxss. Among them, the .js suffix is ​​a script file, the .json suffix is ​​a configuration file, and the .wxss suffix is ​​a style sheet file. The WeChat applet will read these files and generate applet instances.
Let’s briefly understand the functions of these three files to facilitate modification and develop your own WeChat applet from scratch.
app.js is the script code of the mini program. We can monitor and process the life cycle functions of the applet and declare global variables in this file. Call the rich API provided by the framework, such as synchronous storage and synchronous reading of local data in this example. To learn more about the available APIs, please refer to the API documentation.

//app.jsApp({
  onLaunch: function () {
    //调用API从本地缓存中获取数据
    var logs = wx.getStorageSync('logs') || []
    logs.unshift(Date.now())
    wx.setStorageSync('logs', logs)
  },
  getUserInfo:function(cb){
    var that = this;    if(this.globalData.userInfo){      typeof cb == "function" && cb(this.globalData.userInfo)
    }else{      //调用登录接口
      wx.login({
        success: function () {
          wx.getUserInfo({
            success: function (res) {
              that.globalData.userInfo = res.userInfo;              typeof cb == "function" && cb(that.globalData.userInfo)
            }
          })
        }
      });
    }
  },
  globalData:{
    userInfo:null
  }
})

app.json is the global configuration of the entire applet. In this file, we can configure which pages the mini program consists of, configure the window background color of the mini program, configure the navigation bar style, and configure the default title. Note that no comments can be added to this file. For more configurable items, please refer to the configuration details.

{
  "pages":[    "pages/index/index",    "pages/logs/logs"
  ],
  "window":{
    "backgroundTextStyle":"light",
    "navigationBarBackgroundColor": "#fff",
    "navigationBarTitleText": "WeChat",
    "navigationBarTextStyle":"black"
  }}

app.wxss is the common style sheet for the entire applet. We can directly use the style rules declared in app.wxss on the class attribute of the page component.

/**app.wxss**/.container {  height: 100%;  display: flex;  flex-direction: column;  align-items: center;  justify-content: space-between;  padding: 200rpx 0;  box-sizing: border-box;}

Create page

In this tutorial, we have two pages, the index page and the logs page, namely the welcome page and the display page of the mini program startup log. They are both in the pages directory. . The [path page name] of each page in the WeChat mini program needs to be written in the pages of app.json, and the first page in pages is the home page of the mini program.
Each mini program page is composed of four different suffix files with the same name in the same path, such as: index.js, index.wxml, index.wxss, index.json. Files with the .js suffix are script files, files with the .json suffix are configuration files, files with the .wxss suffix are style sheet files, and files with the .wxml suffix are page structure files.
index.wxml is the structural file of the page:

<!--index.wxml--><view class="container">
  <view  bindtap="bindViewTap" class="userinfo">
    <image class="userinfo-avatar" src="{{userInfo.avatarUrl}}" background-size="cover"></image>
    <text class="userinfo-nickname">{{userInfo.nickName}}</text>
  </view>
  <view class="usermotto">
    <text class="user-motto">{{motto}}</text>
  </view></view>

index.js is the script file of the page. In this file, we can monitor and process the life cycle function of the page, obtain the applet instance, declare and Process data, respond to page interaction events, etc.

//index.js//获取应用实例var app = getApp()
Page({
  data: {
    motto: 'Hello World',
    userInfo: {}
  },  //事件处理函数
  bindViewTap: function() {
    wx.navigateTo({
      url: '../logs/logs'
    })
  },
  onLoad: function () {
    console.log('onLoad')    var that = this
    //调用应用实例的方法获取全局数据
    app.getUserInfo(function(userInfo){
      //更新数据
      that.setData({
        userInfo:userInfo
      })
    })
  }
})

index.wxss is the style sheet of the page:

/**index.wxss**/.userinfo {  display: flex;  flex-direction: column;  align-items: center;}.userinfo-avatar {  width: 128rpx;  height: 128rpx;  margin: 20rpx;  border-radius: 50%;}.userinfo-nickname {  color: #aaa;}.usermotto {  margin-top: 200px;}

页面的样式表是非必要的。当有页面样式表时，页面的样式表中的样式规则会层叠覆盖 app.wxss 中的样式规则。如果不指定页面的样式表，也可以在页面的结构文件中直接使用 app.wxss 中指定的样式规则。
index.json 是页面的配置文件：
页面的配置文件是非必要的。当有页面的配置文件时，配置项在该页面会覆盖 app.json 的 window 中相同的配置项。如果没有指定的页面配置文件，则在该页面直接使用 app.json 中的默认配置。
logs 的页面结构

<!--logs.wxml--><view class="container log-list">
  <block wx:for="{{logs}}" wx:for-item="log">
    <text class="log-item">{{index + 1}}. {{log}}</text>
  </block></view>

logs 页面使用  控制标签来组织代码，在  上使用 wx:for 绑定 logs 数据，并将 logs 数据循环展开节点。

//logs.jsvar util = require('../../utils/util.js')
Page({
  data: {
    logs: []
  },
  onLoad: function () {
    this.setData({
      logs: (wx.getStorageSync('logs') || []).map(function (log) {
        return util.formatTime(new Date(log))
      })
    })
  }
})

这样我们就完成了一个简单入门级微信小程序开发。

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