本篇文章主要介绍了浅谈webpack编译vue项目生成的代码探索,小编觉得挺不错的,现在分享给大家,也给大家做个参考。一起跟随小编过来看看吧
本文介绍了webpack编译vue项目生成的代码探索,分享给大家,具体如下:
前言
往 main.js 里写入最简单的 vue 项目结构如下
import Vue from 'vue'; import App from './App.vue'; new Vue({ el: '#app', template: '<App/>', components: { App } })
App.vue 如下
<template> <p id="app"> <h1 id="nbsp-msg-nbsp">{{ msg }}</h1> <h2 id="Essential-nbsp-Links">Essential Links</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="https://vuejs.org" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">Core Docs</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://forum.vuejs.org" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">Forum</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://chat.vuejs.org" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">Community Chat</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/vuejs" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">Twitter</a> </li> </ul> <h2 id="Ecosystem">Ecosystem</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="http://router.vuejs.org/" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">vue-router</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://vuex.vuejs.org/" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">vuex</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://vue-loader.vuejs.org/" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">vue-loader</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/vuejs/awesome-vue" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank">awesome-vue</a> </li> </ul> </p> </template> <script> export default { name: 'app', data() { return { msg: 'Welcome to Your Vue.js App' } } } </script> <style> #app { font-family: 'Avenir', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale; text-align: center; color: #2c3e50; margin-top: 60px; } h1, h2 { font-weight: normal; } ul { list-style-type: none; padding: 0; } li { display: inline-block; margin: 0 10px; } a { color: #42b983; } </style>
编译生成后得到一个316kb的文件,而在316Kb中包含着什么,我很好奇想探索一番。
npm run build > learning-in-vue@1.0.0 build /Users/everlose/workspace/github/learningInVue > cross-env NODE_ENV=production webpack --progress --hide-modules Hash: 18d868a423b48dc263e9 Version: webpack 3.9.1 Time: 3693ms Asset Size Chunks Chunk Names build.js 316 kB 0 [emitted] [big] main build.js.map 399 kB 0 [emitted] main
代码分解
按顺序往下解读,本篇编译后的代码在这儿,如果只想看结论那么请拉到最后有一张结构梳理图。
webpack 模块机制
前面70行还是熟悉的 webpack 模块机制的基础代码,关于它的细致解读参见上一篇webpack模块机制,编译后的代码格式如下,并且我做了代码美化,并且插上了中文注释
/******/ (function(modules) { // webpackBootstrap /******/ // The module cache /******/ // 缓存模块,所有被加载过的模块都会成为installedModules对象的属性,靠函数__webpack_require__做到。 /******/ var installedModules = {}; /******/ /******/ // The require function 核心加载方法 /******/ function __webpack_require__(moduleId) { /******/ /******/ // Check if module is in cache /******/ // 检查模块是否已在缓存中,是则直接返回缓存中的模块不需要再次加载 /******/ if(installedModules[moduleId]) { /******/ return installedModules[moduleId].exports; /******/ } /******/ // Create a new module (and put it into the cache) /******/ // 创造一个新模块并放入缓存中,i是模块标识,l意为是否加载此模块完毕,exports是此模块执行后的输出对象 /******/ var module = installedModules[moduleId] = { /******/ i: moduleId, /******/ l: false, /******/ exports: {} /******/ }; /******/ /******/ // Execute the module function /******/ // 传入参数并执行模块函数 /******/ modules[moduleId].call(module.exports, module, module.exports, __webpack_require__); /******/ /******/ // Flag the module as loaded 标为true代表模块执行完成。 /******/ module.l = true; /******/ /******/ // Return the exports of the module 返回此模块输出的对象 /******/ return module.exports; /******/ } /******/ /******/ /******/ // expose the modules object (__webpack_modules__) /******/ // webpack 私有变量,保存传入的modules,即所有的模块组成的数组 /******/ __webpack_require__.m = modules; /******/ /******/ // expose the module cache /******/ // 保存缓存中的模块数组 /******/ __webpack_require__.c = installedModules; /******/ /******/ // define getter function for harmony exports /******/ // 为 es6 exports 定义 getter /******/ __webpack_require__.d = function(exports, name, getter) { /******/ // 如果 exports 输出的对象本身不包含 name 属性时,定义一个。 /******/ if(!__webpack_require__.o(exports, name)) { /******/ Object.defineProperty(exports, name, { /******/ configurable: false, /******/ enumerable: true, /******/ get: getter /******/ }); /******/ } /******/ }; /******/ /******/ // getDefaultExport function for compatibility with non-harmony modules /******/ // 解决 ES module 和 Common js module 的冲突,ES 则返回 module['default'] /******/ __webpack_require__.n = function(module) { /******/ var getter = module && module.__esModule ? /******/ function getDefault() { return module['default']; } : /******/ function getModuleExports() { return module; }; /******/ __webpack_require__.d(getter, 'a', getter); /******/ return getter; /******/ }; /******/ /******/ // Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call /******/ // 工具方法,判断是否object有property属性。 /******/ __webpack_require__.o = function(object, property) { return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(object, property); }; /******/ /******/ // __webpack_public_path__ /******/ // 大概和 webpack.config.js 的 output 有关吧,webpack 的公共路径 /******/ __webpack_require__.p = "/dist/"; /******/ /******/ // Load entry module and return exports 执行第一个依赖模块并且返回它输出。 /******/ return __webpack_require__(__webpack_require__.s = 0); /******/ })
0号模块
导出一个全局变量,在web端就是指代window
/* 0 */ (function (module, exports) { var g; // This works in non-strict mode g = (function () { return this; })(); try { // This works if eval is allowed (see CSP) g = g || Function("return this")() || (1, eval)("this"); } catch (e) { // This works if the window reference is available if (typeof window === "object") g = window; } // g can still be undefined, but nothing to do about it... // We return undefined, instead of nothing here, so it's // easier to handle this case. if(!global) { ...} module.exports = g; /***/ }),
1号模块
实际上做的事情很明显,就是导出了 main.js 的代码,一个vue实例对象
/* 1 */ /***/ (function(module, __webpack_exports__, __webpack_require__) { "use strict"; Object.defineProperty(__webpack_exports__, "__esModule", { value: true }); /* harmony import */ var __WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_0_vue__ = __webpack_require__(2); /* harmony import */ var __WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_1__App_vue__ = __webpack_require__(6); // 从2号模块导出的一个叫a的变量,就是Vue对象本身 new __WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_0_vue__["a" /* default */]({ el: '#app', template: '<App/>', components: { App: __WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_1__App_vue__["a" /* default */] } }); /***/ })
2号模块
即是 Vue 源码本身,从114行一直到了10818行,一共是10705行代码,啧啧啧
webpack 有所配置,所以导出的 Vue 实际上是 vue/dist/vue.esm.js 的完整编译版本。
/* 2 */ /***/ (function (module, __webpack_exports__, __webpack_require__) { "use strict"; /*! * Vue.js v2.5.9 * (c) 2014-2017 Evan You * Released under the MIT License. */ // 作用域指向__webpack_exports__,并把__webpack_require__(0)作为global,实际上就是window // __webpack_require__(3).setImmediate)作为setsetImmediate参数传入函数 (function (global, setImmediate) { // 省略近1w行的代码,关于vue原本本身的解读以后再做...... // 最终 export 出来一个叫 Vue$3的对象 /* harmony default export */ __webpack_exports__["a"] = (Vue$3); /* WEBPACK VAR INJECTION */ }.call(__webpack_exports__, __webpack_require__(0), __webpack_require__(3).setImmediate)) }),
3,4,5号模块
都和 node_modules/setimmediate 有关,由于 vue 的 DOM 异步更新机制使用到了它,所以被引入。
这里也不做详解,只给出结构。
/* 3 */ /***/ (function (module, exports, __webpack_require__) { // 省略代码... // setimmediate attaches itself to the global object __webpack_require__(4); exports.setImmediate = setImmediate; exports.clearImmediate = clearImmediate; /***/ }), /* 4 */ /***/ (function (module, exports, __webpack_require__) { /* WEBPACK VAR INJECTION */ (function (global, process) { // 省略代码... }.call(exports, __webpack_require__(0), __webpack_require__(5))) /***/ }), /* 5 */ /***/ (function (module, exports) { // shim for using process in browser var process = module.exports = {}; // 省略代码... process.cwd = function () { return '/' }; process.chdir = function (dir) { throw new Error('process.chdir is not supported'); }; process.umask = function () { return 0; }; /***/ }),
6号模块
和 App.vue 的解析有关,把 App.vue 中的 template 和 script 编译为一个 vue components,并把 style 标签内的样式插入到DOM中。
/* 6 */ /***/ (function (module, __webpack_exports__, __webpack_require__) { "use strict"; // 返回具体 App.vue 中 的script 中的代码 var __WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_0__babel_loader_node_modules_vue_loader_lib_selector_type_script_index_0_App_vue__ = __webpack_require__(13); // 把App.vue 的 template 解析为一堆 vue render 函数。 var __WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_1__node_modules_vue_loader_lib_template_compiler_index_id_data_v_66ce2159_hasScoped_false_buble_transforms_node_modules_vue_loader_lib_selector_type_template_index_0_App_vue__ = __webpack_require__(14); // 注入vue文件里写入的css函数 function injectStyle(ssrContext) { // 由此可知7号模块是编译并插入vue中的css到DOM上的 __webpack_require__(7) } // 12号模块用于输出components渲染函数 var normalizeComponent = __webpack_require__(12) /* script */ /* template */ /* template functional */ var __vue_template_functional__ = false /* styles */ var __vue_styles__ = injectStyle /* scopeId */ var __vue_scopeId__ = null /* moduleIdentifier (server only) */ var __vue_module_identifier__ = null // 编译模块,混杂template和script。 var Component = normalizeComponent( __WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_0__babel_loader_node_modules_vue_loader_lib_selector_type_script_index_0_App_vue__["a" /* default */ ], __WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_1__node_modules_vue_loader_lib_template_compiler_index_id_data_v_66ce2159_hasScoped_false_buble_transforms_node_modules_vue_loader_lib_selector_type_template_index_0_App_vue__["a" /* default */ ], __vue_template_functional__, __vue_styles__, __vue_scopeId__, __vue_module_identifier__ ) /* harmony default export */ __webpack_exports__["a"] = (Component.exports); /***/ }),
7、8、9、10、11
都和样式有关,简言之就是7号模块加载8号模块获取css代码作为参数,并作为参数传入10号模块进行插入
太长也只大意上列出结构
7号模块由 style-loader 带入,把所有的css插入到 style 标签里
8号模块加载具体的css代码,
9号模块由css-loader代入,用于做css的sourceMap
10号模块返回具体插入动作函数,供7号模块调用
11号模块把所有的样式组成的数组转为字符串,给10号模块做插入。
/* 7 */ /***/ (function (module, exports, __webpack_require__) { // style-loader: Adds some css to the DOM by adding a <style> tag // load the styles var content = __webpack_require__(8); if (typeof content === 'string') content = [ [module.i, content, ''] ]; if (content.locals) module.exports = content.locals; // add the styles to the DOM var update = __webpack_require__(10)("15459d21", content, true); /***/ }), /* 8 */ /***/ (function (module, exports, __webpack_require__) { // css-loader 用于做css的sourceMap exports = module.exports = __webpack_require__(9)(undefined); // imports // module // 这就是 App.vue 文件中 style 里的的 css exports.push([module.i, "#app{font-family:Avenir,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;text-align:center;color:#2c3e50;margin-top:60px}h1,h2{font-weight:400}ul{list-style-type:none;padding:0}li{display:inline-block;margin:0 10px}a{color:#42b983}", ""]); // exports /***/ }), /* 9 */ /***/ (function (module, exports) { // css base code, injected by the css-loader module.exports = function (useSourceMap) { // 省略代码... } }), /* 10 */ /***/ (function (module, exports, __webpack_require__) { /* MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php Author Tobias Koppers @sokra Modified by Evan You @yyx990803 */ // ...太长只贴了关键步骤,总之关键的函数就是这些 var hasDocument = typeof document !== 'undefined' // ... var listToStyles = __webpack_require__(11) // ... var head = hasDocument && (document.head || document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]) // ... module.exports = function (parentId, list, _isProduction) { // ... var styles = listToStyles(parentId, list) addStylesToDom(styles) return function update (newList) { // ... } } function addStylesToDom (styles /* Array<StyleObject> */) { for (var i = 0; i < styles.length; i++) { // ... domStyle.parts.push(addStyle(item.parts[j])) // .... } } // 总之先调用了addStylesToDom,接着是addStyle,再是createStyleElement插入样式到head中。 function createStyleElement () { var styleElement = document.createElement('style') styleElement.type = 'text/css' head.appendChild(styleElement) return styleElement } function addStyle (obj /* StyleObjectPart */) { // ... styleElement = createStyleElement() // ... } /***/ }), /* 11 */ /***/ (function (module, exports) { /** * Translates the list format produced by css-loader into something * easier to manipulate. */ module.exports = function listToStyles(parentId, list) { var styles = [] var newStyles = {} for (var i = 0; i < list.length; i++) { var item = list[i] var id = item[0] var css = item[1] var media = item[2] var sourceMap = item[3] var part = { id: parentId + ':' + i, css: css, media: media, sourceMap: sourceMap } if (!newStyles[id]) { styles.push(newStyles[id] = { id: id, parts: [part] }) } else { newStyles[id].parts.push(part) } } return styles } /***/ }),
12、13、14号模块
12号做 .vue 文件中的 template 和 script 解析并供6号输出,最终返回了一个 vue components 对象,在浏览器控制台打印如下:
Object beforeCreate: [ƒ] data: ƒ data() inject: {} name: "app" render: ƒ () staticRenderFns: (2) [ƒ, ƒ, cached: Array(2)] _Ctor: {0: ƒ} _compiled: true __proto__: Object
而13号模块返回具体 script 中的代码,而14号模块则是把 template 解析为一堆 vue render 函数。
/* 12 */ /***/ (function (module, exports) { /* globals __VUE_SSR_CONTEXT__ */ // IMPORTANT: Do NOT use ES2015 features in this file. // This module is a runtime utility for cleaner component module output and will // be included in the final webpack user bundle. module.exports = function normalizeComponent( rawScriptExports, compiledTemplate, functionalTemplate, injectStyles, scopeId, moduleIdentifier /* server only */ ) { var esModule var scriptExports = rawScriptExports = rawScriptExports || {} // ES6 modules interop var type = typeof rawScriptExports.default if (type === 'object' || type === 'function') { esModule = rawScriptExports scriptExports = rawScriptExports.default } // Vue.extend constructor export interop var options = typeof scriptExports === 'function' ? scriptExports.options : scriptExports // render functions if (compiledTemplate) { options.render = compiledTemplate.render options.staticRenderFns = compiledTemplate.staticRenderFns options._compiled = true } // functional template if (functionalTemplate) { options.functional = true } // scopedId if (scopeId) { options._scopeId = scopeId } var hook if (moduleIdentifier) { // server build hook = function (context) { // 2.3 injection context = context || // cached call (this.$vnode && this.$vnode.ssrContext) || // stateful (this.parent && this.parent.$vnode && this.parent.$vnode.ssrContext) // functional // 2.2 with runInNewContext: true if (!context && typeof __VUE_SSR_CONTEXT__ !== 'undefined') { context = __VUE_SSR_CONTEXT__ } // inject component styles if (injectStyles) { injectStyles.call(this, context) } // register component module identifier for async chunk inferrence if (context && context._registeredComponents) { context._registeredComponents.add(moduleIdentifier) } } // used by ssr in case component is cached and beforeCreate // never gets called options._ssrRegister = hook } else if (injectStyles) { hook = injectStyles } if (hook) { var functional = options.functional var existing = functional ? options.render : options.beforeCreate if (!functional) { // inject component registration as beforeCreate hook options.beforeCreate = existing ? [].concat(existing, hook) : [hook] } else { // for template-only hot-reload because in that case the render fn doesn't // go through the normalizer options._injectStyles = hook // register for functioal component in vue file options.render = function renderWithStyleInjection(h, context) { hook.call(context) return existing(h, context) } } } return { esModule: esModule, exports: scriptExports, options: options } } /***/ }), /* 13 */ /***/ (function (module, __webpack_exports__, __webpack_require__) { "use strict"; /* harmony default export */ // 这就是 App.vue 中 script 的部分 __webpack_exports__["a"] = ({ name: 'app', data: function data() { return { msg: 'Welcome to Your Vue.js App' }; } }); /***/ }), /* 14 */ /***/ (function (module, __webpack_exports__, __webpack_require__) { "use strict"; // 把template 解析为一堆 render 函数,扔给vue处理最终编译成Vnode节点在渲染成DOM输出到视图 var render = function () { var _vm = this; var _h = _vm.$createElement; var _c = _vm._self._c || _h; return _c('p', { attrs: { "id": "app" } }, [_c('h1', [_vm._v(_vm._s(_vm.msg))]), _vm._v(" "), _c('h2', [_vm._v("Essential Links")]), _vm._v(" "), _vm._m(0, false, false), _vm._v(" "), _c('h2', [_vm._v("Ecosystem")]), _vm._v(" "), _vm._m(1, false, false)]) } var staticRenderFns = [function () { var _vm = this; var _h = _vm.$createElement; var _c = _vm._self._c || _h; return _c('ul', [_c('li', [_c('a', { attrs: { "href": "https://vuejs.org", "target": "_blank" } }, [_vm._v("Core Docs")])]), _vm._v(" "), _c('li', [_c('a', { attrs: { "href": "https://forum.vuejs.org", "target": "_blank" } }, [_vm._v("Forum")])]), _vm._v(" "), _c('li', [_c('a', { attrs: { "href": "https://chat.vuejs.org", "target": "_blank" } }, [_vm._v("Community Chat")])]), _vm._v(" "), _c('li', [_c('a', { attrs: { "href": "https://twitter.com/vuejs", "target": "_blank" } }, [_vm._v("Twitter")])])]) }, function () { var _vm = this; var _h = _vm.$createElement; var _c = _vm._self._c || _h; return _c('ul', [_c('li', [_c('a', { attrs: { "href": "http://router.vuejs.org/", "target": "_blank" } }, [_vm._v("vue-router")])]), _vm._v(" "), _c('li', [_c('a', { attrs: { "href": "http://vuex.vuejs.org/", "target": "_blank" } }, [_vm._v("vuex")])]), _vm._v(" "), _c('li', [_c('a', { attrs: { "href": "http://vue-loader.vuejs.org/", "target": "_blank" } }, [_vm._v("vue-loader")])]), _vm._v(" "), _c('li', [_c('a', { attrs: { "href": "https://github.com/vuejs/awesome-vue", "target": "_blank" } }, [_vm._v("awesome-vue")])])]) }] var esExports = { render: render, staticRenderFns: staticRenderFns } /* harmony default export */ __webpack_exports__["a"] = (esExports); /***/ })
总结
结构梳理,一图胜千言
上面是我整理给大家的,希望今后会对大家有帮助。
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