Summary of vue’s diff algorithm knowledge points

This article shares with you a summary of relevant knowledge points about Vue’s diff algorithm. Friends who are interested can refer to it.

Virtual dom

The diff algorithm must first clarify the concept that the object of diff is the virtual dom, and updating the real dom is the result of the diff algorithm

Vnode base class

 constructor (
  。。。
 ) {
  this.tag = tag
  this.data = data
  this.children = children
  this.text = text
  this.elm = elm
  this.ns = undefined
  this.context = context
  this.fnContext = undefined
  this.fnOptions = undefined
  this.fnScopeId = undefined
  this.key = data && data.key
  this.componentOptions = componentOptions
  this.componentInstance = undefined
  this.parent = undefined
  this.raw = false
  this.isStatic = false
  this.isRootInsert = true
  this.isComment = false
  this.isCloned = false
  this.isOnce = false
  this.asyncFactory = asyncFactory
  this.asyncMeta = undefined
  this.isAsyncPlaceholder = false
 }

This part of the code is mainly to better understand the meaning of the specific diff attributes in the diff algorithm, and of course to better understand the vnode instance

Overall process

The core function is the patch function

• isUndef judgment (whether it is undefined or null)

• // empty mount (likely as component), create new root elementcreateElm(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue) Here you can find that creating nodes is not inserted one by one, but put into a queue for unified batch processing

• Core function sameVnode

function sameVnode (a, b) {
 return (
  a.key === b.key && (
   (
    a.tag === b.tag &&
    a.isComment === b.isComment &&
    isDef(a.data) === isDef(b.data) &&
    sameInputType(a, b)
   ) || (
    isTrue(a.isAsyncPlaceholder) &&
    a.asyncFactory === b.asyncFactory &&
    isUndef(b.asyncFactory.error)
   )
  )
 )
}

Here is an outer comparison function that directly compares the key, tag (label), and data of two nodes ( Note that data here refers to VNodeData), and the type is directly compared for input.

export interface VNodeData {
 key?: string | number;
 slot?: string;
 scopedSlots?: { [key: string]: ScopedSlot };
 ref?: string;
 tag?: string;
 staticClass?: string;
 class?: any;
 staticStyle?: { [key: string]: any };
 style?: object[] | object;
 props?: { [key: string]: any };
 attrs?: { [key: string]: any };
 domProps?: { [key: string]: any };
 hook?: { [key: string]: Function };
 on?: { [key: string]: Function | Function[] };
 nativeOn?: { [key: string]: Function | Function[] };
 transition?: object;
 show?: boolean;
 inlineTemplate?: {
  render: Function;
  staticRenderFns: Function[];
 };
 directives?: VNodeDirective[];
 keepAlive?: boolean;
}

This will confirm whether the two nodes have further comparison value, otherwise they will be replaced directly

The replacement process is mainly a createElm function and the other is to destroy the oldVNode

// destroy old node
    if (isDef(parentElm)) {
     removeVnodes(parentElm, [oldVnode], 0, 0)
    } else if (isDef(oldVnode.tag)) {
     invokeDestroyHook(oldVnode)
    }

Insert To simplify the process, it is to determine the type of the node and call

createComponent respectively (it will determine whether there are children and then call it recursively)

createComment

createTextNode

After creation After using the insert function

, you need to use the hydrate function to map the virtual dom and the real dom

function insert (parent, elm, ref) {
  if (isDef(parent)) {
   if (isDef(ref)) {
    if (ref.parentNode === parent) {
     nodeOps.insertBefore(parent, elm, ref)
    }
   } else {
    nodeOps.appendChild(parent, elm)
   }
  }
 }

Core function

 function patchVnode (oldVnode, vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, removeOnly) {
  if (oldVnode === vnode) {
   return
  }

  const elm = vnode.elm = oldVnode.elm

  if (isTrue(oldVnode.isAsyncPlaceholder)) {
   if (isDef(vnode.asyncFactory.resolved)) {
    hydrate(oldVnode.elm, vnode, insertedVnodeQueue)
   } else {
    vnode.isAsyncPlaceholder = true
   }
   return
  }

  if (isTrue(vnode.isStatic) &&
   isTrue(oldVnode.isStatic) &&
   vnode.key === oldVnode.key &&
   (isTrue(vnode.isCloned) || isTrue(vnode.isOnce))
  ) {
   vnode.componentInstance = oldVnode.componentInstance
   return
  }

  let i
  const data = vnode.data
  if (isDef(data) && isDef(i = data.hook) && isDef(i = i.prepatch)) {
   i(oldVnode, vnode)
  }

  const oldCh = oldVnode.children
  const ch = vnode.children
  if (isDef(data) && isPatchable(vnode)) {
   for (i = 0; i < cbs.update.length; ++i) cbs.update[i](oldVnode, vnode)
   if (isDef(i = data.hook) && isDef(i = i.update)) i(oldVnode, vnode)
  }
  if (isUndef(vnode.text)) {
   if (isDef(oldCh) && isDef(ch)) {
    if (oldCh !== ch) updateChildren(elm, oldCh, ch, insertedVnodeQueue, removeOnly)
   } else if (isDef(ch)) {
    if (isDef(oldVnode.text)) nodeOps.setTextContent(elm, &#39;&#39;)
    addVnodes(elm, null, ch, 0, ch.length - 1, insertedVnodeQueue)
   } else if (isDef(oldCh)) {
    removeVnodes(elm, oldCh, 0, oldCh.length - 1)
   } else if (isDef(oldVnode.text)) {
    nodeOps.setTextContent(elm, &#39;&#39;)
   }
  } else if (oldVnode.text !== vnode.text) {
   nodeOps.setTextContent(elm, vnode.text)
  }
  if (isDef(data)) {
   if (isDef(i = data.hook) && isDef(i = i.postpatch)) i(oldVnode, vnode)
  }
 }

const el = vnode.el = oldVnode.el This is a very important step, let vnode.el refer to the current real dom. When el is modified, vnode.el will change synchronously.

1. Compare whether the two references are consistent

2. I don’t know what asyncFactory does after that, so I can’t understand this comparison

3. Static node comparison key, no re-rendering will be done after the same, directly copy componentInstance (once command takes effect here)

4. If vnode is a text node or comment node , but when vnode.text != oldVnode.text, you only need to update the text content of vnode.elm

5. Comparison of children

• If only oldVnode has child nodes, then delete these nodes

• If only vnode has child nodes, then create these child nodes, here if oldVnode is a The text node sets the text of vnode.elm to the empty string

• If both oldVnode and None of vnode has child nodes, but oldVnode is a text node or comment node, so set the text of vnode.elm to an empty string

• updateChildren

This part focuses on the entire algorithmFirst four pointers, oldStart, oldEnd, newStart, newEnd, two arrays, oldVnode, Vnode.

function updateChildren (parentElm, oldCh, newCh, insertedVnodeQueue, removeOnly) {
  let oldStartIdx = 0
  let newStartIdx = 0
  let oldEndIdx = oldCh.length - 1
  let oldStartVnode = oldCh[0]
  let oldEndVnode = oldCh[oldEndIdx]
  let newEndIdx = newCh.length - 1
  let newStartVnode = newCh[0]
  let newEndVnode = newCh[newEndIdx]
  let oldKeyToIdx, idxInOld, vnodeToMove, refElm

  while (oldStartIdx <= oldEndIdx && newStartIdx <= newEndIdx) {
   if (isUndef(oldStartVnode)) {
    oldStartVnode = oldCh[++oldStartIdx] // Vnode has been moved left
   } else if (isUndef(oldEndVnode)) {
    oldEndVnode = oldCh[--oldEndIdx]
   } else if (sameVnode(oldStartVnode, newStartVnode)) {
    patchVnode(oldStartVnode, newStartVnode, insertedVnodeQueue)
    oldStartVnode = oldCh[++oldStartIdx]
    newStartVnode = newCh[++newStartIdx]
   } else if (sameVnode(oldEndVnode, newEndVnode)) {
    patchVnode(oldEndVnode, newEndVnode, insertedVnodeQueue)
    oldEndVnode = oldCh[--oldEndIdx]
    newEndVnode = newCh[--newEndIdx]
   } else if (sameVnode(oldStartVnode, newEndVnode)) { // Vnode moved right
    patchVnode(oldStartVnode, newEndVnode, insertedVnodeQueue)
    canMove && nodeOps.insertBefore(parentElm, oldStartVnode.elm, nodeOps.nextSibling(oldEndVnode.elm))
    oldStartVnode = oldCh[++oldStartIdx]
    newEndVnode = newCh[--newEndIdx]
   } else if (sameVnode(oldEndVnode, newStartVnode)) { // Vnode moved left
    patchVnode(oldEndVnode, newStartVnode, insertedVnodeQueue)
    canMove && nodeOps.insertBefore(parentElm, oldEndVnode.elm, oldStartVnode.elm)
    oldEndVnode = oldCh[--oldEndIdx]
    newStartVnode = newCh[++newStartIdx]
   } else {
    if (isUndef(oldKeyToIdx)) oldKeyToIdx = createKeyToOldIdx(oldCh, oldStartIdx, oldEndIdx)
    idxInOld = isDef(newStartVnode.key)
     ? oldKeyToIdx[newStartVnode.key]
     : findIdxInOld(newStartVnode, oldCh, oldStartIdx, oldEndIdx)
    if (isUndef(idxInOld)) { // New element
     createElm(newStartVnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, oldStartVnode.elm, false, newCh, newStartIdx)
    } else {
     vnodeToMove = oldCh[idxInOld]
     if (sameVnode(vnodeToMove, newStartVnode)) {
      patchVnode(vnodeToMove, newStartVnode, insertedVnodeQueue)
      oldCh[idxInOld] = undefined
      canMove && nodeOps.insertBefore(parentElm, vnodeToMove.elm, oldStartVnode.elm)
     } else {
      // same key but different element. treat as new element
      createElm(newStartVnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, oldStartVnode.elm, false, newCh, newStartIdx)
     }
    }
    newStartVnode = newCh[++newStartIdx]
   }
  }
  if (oldStartIdx > oldEndIdx) {
   refElm = isUndef(newCh[newEndIdx + 1]) ? null : newCh[newEndIdx + 1].elm
   addVnodes(parentElm, refElm, newCh, newStartIdx, newEndIdx, insertedVnodeQueue)
  } else if (newStartIdx > newEndIdx) {
   removeVnodes(parentElm, oldCh, oldStartIdx, oldEndIdx)
  }
 }

Several situations and processing of a loop comparison (the following - all refer to index -) The comparison is the node node of the comparison. The abbreviation is not rigorous and the comparison uses the sameVnode function, which is not true. Congruent

Conditions for the entire loop not to end oldStartIdx <= oldEndIdx && newStartIdx <= newEndIdx

##oldStart === newStart, oldStart newStart

1. oldEnd === newEnd, oldEnd-- newEnd--

2. oldStart === newEnd, oldStart Insert to the end of the queue oldStart newEnd--

3. oldEnd === newStart, oldEnd is inserted into the beginning of the queue oldEnd-- newStart

4. This is the only way to handle all the remaining situations. This kind of processing, after processing newStart

5. newStart finds the same one in old, then move this to the front of oldStart

• If you don't find the same one, create one and put it before oldStart

• It is not completed after the loop ends
  There is still a period of judgment before it is complete

if (oldStartIdx > oldEndIdx) {
   refElm = isUndef(newCh[newEndIdx + 1]) ? null : newCh[newEndIdx + 1].elm
   addVnodes(parentElm, refElm, newCh, newStartIdx, newEndIdx, insertedVnodeQueue)
  } else if (newStartIdx > newEndIdx) {
   removeVnodes(parentElm, oldCh, oldStartIdx, oldEndIdx)
  }

Simple What I mean is that after the loop ends, look at the contents between the four pointers, in the old array and in the new array, just back out more and make up less.

The above is what I compiled for everyone. I hope it will be helpful to everyone in the future.

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