用类加快PHP的数据库开发
数据库的访问函数较多,使用不当会降低效率,甚至导致错误。而PHP的本身就是开放的和可扩充的,很多人为它开发各种功能的源代码。每一个PHP程序员都应该善于继承他人的成果,节省时间和精力。站在巨人的肩膀上,才能看得更远。当然,你也可以把你的代码共享出来,体会自己的劳动被承认和创造价值而带来的成就感。
使用数据库类,可以使我们完全不必考虑具体的数据库类型,而专注于程序的开发上。
众多的开发工具包中,PHPLib是性能较稳定、功能较完善的一个。PHPLib可以在http://phplib.netuse.de/ 获得。它包含了数据库的支持类。以MySQL数据库为例,PHPLib自带名为DB_Sql的类。它包装了数据库的连接、查询、取结果、数据库表的遍历等功能。
使用数据库类,可以使我们完全不必考虑具体的数据库类型,而专注于程序的开发上。即使数据库系统类型换了,程序代码也不用改。同时,数据库类提供了完整而健壮的数据库访问方法,这可能是使用类的包装的最大的优势了。
下面,我们就使用PHPLib提供的数据库类,来访问我们刚才建立的数据库,并对内容进行显示。
〈?
require "db_mysql.php";
//包含数据库类的生成文件
$db=new DB_Sql;
//声明数据库类的实例
$db-〉connect("ResumeDB","localhost", "root", "");
//连接数据库服务器
//提供的参数依次为:数据库名,主机名,用户名,用户密码
if ($db-〉Link_ID)
//判断是否正确建立连接
{
$db-〉query("select ID,Name,Intro FROM Resume");
//查询
if ($db-〉nf())
//判断结果集是否为空
{
while ($db-〉next_record())
//取得下一行记录值,直到记录集内容取完
{
echo "ID:", $db-〉f("ID"); //f()函数返回当前记录某个子段的值
echo "〈br〉";
echo "姓名:";
$db-〉p("Name");
//p()函数直接打印某个子段的值
//等价于echo $db-〉f("name")
echo "〈br〉";
echo "简介:";
echo $db-〉f("Intro");
echo "〈br〉";
echo "〈a href= "download.php?ID=".$db-〉f("ID").""〉查看Word文档〈/a〉";
echo "〈br〉〈hr〉";
}
}
$db-〉free ();
//释放资源
}
?〉
从上面的流程可以看出,用类访问数据库的方法和直接访问数据库的方法基本相同。不同的是,这里我们调用的方法都是类的方法,而不是具体针对某种数据库的函数。由于代码和具体数据库类型的分离,使得当数据库系统改变的时候,我们不用改变程序代码,只要改变基类的实现方法即可。
如果结合使用PHPLib模板进行设计的话,即可实现程序与显示的分离。也将使得程序结构清晰,网页美工设计制作方便。
简便的用法、合理的任务分配、合乎思维的对象包装,将使得网站开发效率大大提高。
附:代码测试平台
以上程序代码全部在下面的平台测试通过
RedHat Linux 6.1+Apache1.3.12+
PHP4.0+MySql3.22.32
数据库的安装配置过程为:
cd /usr/local/src/mysql*
./configure --refix=/usr/local/mysql
make
make install
Apache的安装配置过程为:
cd /usr/local/src/apache*
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-shared=max
make
make install
PHP的安装配置过程为:
cd /usr/local/src/php*
./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/
apache/conf
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
--enable-debug=no
--enable-track-vars
php.ini配置过程为:
拷贝php.ini-dist到/usr/local/
apache/conf/php.ini
编辑httpd.conf,把下面两行的注释去掉
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .php3
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
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