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PHP algorithm heap sort

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不言Original
2018-04-08 13:15:202424browse

The content introduced in this article is the code of heap sorting in the PHP algorithm. Now I share it with you. Friends in need can also refer to it. Let’s take a look together.

<?php

//堆排序(对简单选择排序的改进)

function swap(array &$arr,$a,$b){
    $temp = $arr[$a];
    $arr[$a] = $arr[$b];
    $arr[$b] = $temp;
}

//调整 $arr[$start]的关键字,使$arr[$start]、$arr[$start+1]、、、$arr[$end]成为一个大根堆(根节点最大的完全二叉树)
//注意这里节点 s 的左右孩子是 2*s + 1 和 2*s+2 (数组开始下标为 0 时)
function HeapAdjust(array &$arr,$start,$end){
    $temp = $arr[$start];
    //沿关键字较大的孩子节点向下筛选
    //左右孩子计算(我这里数组开始下标识 0)
    //左孩子2 * $start + 1,右孩子2 * $start + 2
    for($j = 2 * $start + 1;$j <= $end;$j = 2 * $j + 1){
        if($j != $end && $arr[$j] < $arr[$j + 1]){
            $j ++; //转化为右孩子
        }
        if($temp >= $arr[$j]){
            break;  //已经满足大根堆
        }
        //将根节点设置为子节点的较大值
        $arr[$start] = $arr[$j];
        //继续往下
        $start = $j;
    }
    $arr[$start] = $temp;
}

function HeapSort(array &$arr){
    $count = count($arr);
    //先将数组构造成大根堆(由于是完全二叉树,所以这里用floor($count/2)-1,下标小于或等于这数的节点都是有孩子的节点)
    for($i = floor($count / 2) - 1;$i >= 0;$i --){
        HeapAdjust($arr,$i,$count);
    }
    for($i = $count - 1;$i >= 0;$i --){
        //将堆顶元素与最后一个元素交换,获取到最大元素(交换后的最后一个元素),将最大元素放到数组末尾
        swap($arr,0,$i);  
        //经过交换,将最后一个元素(最大元素)脱离大根堆,并将未经排序的新树($arr[0...$i-1])重新调整为大根堆
        HeapAdjust($arr,0,$i - 1);
    }
}

$arr = array(4,1,5,9);
HeapSort($arr);
var_dump($arr);

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