Overview
We know that in the PHP programming language, arrays are used very frequently and are used in almost every script. PHP comes with a large number of excellent functions for operating arrays for our use. This article will classify and summarize the use of these array functions for your convenience in the future.
Create
1. range()
Create an array with a specified range:
$arr1 = range(0, 10); # array(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) $arr2 = range(0, 10, 2); # array(0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10) $arr3 = range('a', 'd'); # array('a', 'b', 'c', 'd') $arr4 = range('d', 'a'); # array('d', 'c', 'b', 'a')
2. compact ()
Create an array containing variable names and their values:
$number = 10; $string = "I'm PHPer"; $array = array("And", "You?"); $result = compact("number", "string", "array"); # array('number'=>10, 'string'=>"I'm PHPer", 'array'=>array("And", "You?"))
3. array_combine()
Create an array with an An array with the value as its key and the value of another array as its value:
$key = array("1", "3", "5", "7", "9"); $value = array("I", "Am", "A", "PHP", "er"); $result = array_combine($number,$array); # array('1'=>I, '3'=>'Am', '5'=>'A', '7'=>'PHP', '9'=>'er')
Traversal
1. for
Loop
$arr = range(0, 10); for($i = 0; $i <blockquote>Disadvantages: Only indexed arrays can be traversed. </blockquote><h5 id="code-while-code-Loop">2. <code>while</code> Loop</h5><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">$products = array('apple'=>3, 'milk'=>6, 'eggs'=>10); while(list($product, $quantity) = each($products)) { echo $product . '-' . $quantiry; }
Disadvantage: After the traversal is completed, the array cannot be traversed for the second time (the internal pointer of the array points to the last element).
3. foreach
Loop
$products = array('apple'=>3, 'milk'=>6, 'eggs'=>10); foreach($products as $product => $quantity) { echo $product . '-' . $quantiry; }
Operation key or value
unset()
— Delete array members or arraysin_array()
— Check whether a certain value exists in the arrayarray_key_exists()
— Check whether the given key name or index exists in the arrayarray_search()
— Searches for a given value in the array, and returns the corresponding key name if successful
$array = array(1, 2, 3); unset($array); # array() $fruit = array('apple' => 'goold','orange' => 'fine','banana' => 'OK'); if(in_array('good', $fruit)) { echo 'Exit'; } $search_array = array('first' => 1, 'second' => 4); if (array_key_exists('first', $search_array)) { echo "Exit"; } $array = array(0 => 'blue', 1 => 'red', 2 => 'green', 3 => 'red'); $key = array_search('green', $array); # $key = 2;
array_keys()
— Returns some or all of the keys in the array Key namearray_values()
— Returns all values in the array
$array = array('apple'=>'good', 'orange'=>'fine', 'banana'=>'ok'); $keys = array_keys($array); # array('apple', 'orange', 'banana') $values = array_values($array); # array('good', 'fine', 'ok')
array_unique()
— Removes duplicate values from the array
$input = array(4, '4', '3', 4, 3, '3'); $result = array_unique($input); # array(4, '3')
array_flip()
— Swap the keys and values in the array
$input = array('oranges', 'apples', 'pears'); $result = array_flip($input); # array('oranges'=>0, 'apples'=>1, 'pears'=>2)
array_count_values()
Count all the values in the array
$input = array(1, 'hello', 1, 'world', 'hello'); $result = array_count_values($input); # array('1'=>2, 'hello'=>2, 'world'=>1)
Sort
1. sort()
and rsort()
Sort the array in ascending or descending order:
$fruits = array(); sort($fruits); # array('apple', 'banana', 'lemon', 'orange') rsort($fruits); # array('orange', 'lemon', 'banana', 'apple')
2. asort()
and arsort()
Sort associative arrays (by element value) in ascending or descending order and maintain index relationships:
$fruits = array('d'=>'lemon', 'a'=>'orange', 'b'=>'banana', 'c'=>'apple'); asort($fruits); # array('c'=>''apple', 'b'=>''banana', 'd'=>'lemon', 'a'=>'orange') arsort($fruits); # array('a'=>'orange', 'd'=>'lemon', 'b'=>''banana', 'c'=>''apple')
3. ksort()
Sort the array by key name:
$fruits = array('d'=>'lemon', 'a'=>'orange', 'b'=>'banana', 'c'=>'apple'); ksort($fruits); # array('a'=>'orange', 'b'=>'banana', 'c'=>'apple', 'd'=>'lemon')
4. shuffle()
Randomly shuffle Random array sorting:
$numbers = range(1, 5); shuffle($numbers); # array(3, 2, 5, 1, 4)
Stack and queue
array_push()
— Push one or more elements to the end of the array (push)array_pop()
— Pop the last unit of the array off the stack
$stack = array('orange', 'banana'); array_push($stack, 'apple", 'raspberry'); # array('orange', 'banana', 'apple', 'raspberry') $fruit = array_pop($stack); #array('orange', 'banana', 'apple')
array_unshift()
— Insert one or more units at the beginning of the array array_shift()
— Move the cells at the beginning of the array out of the array
$queue = array('orange', 'banana'); array_unshift($queue, 'apple", 'raspberry'); # array('apple', 'raspberry', 'orange', 'banana') $fruit = array_shift($queue); # array('raspberry', 'orange', 'banana')
Split, fill, merge
array_slic()
— Remove a segment from the array
array_splice()
— Remove part of an array and replace it with another value
$input = array('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'); $result = array_slice($input, 2); # array('c', 'd', 'e') $input = array('red', 'green', 'blue', 'yellow'); array_splice($input, 2, 1); # array('red', 'green', 'yellow')
array_pad()
— Fill an array with a value of the specified length
$input = array(12, 10, 9); $result = array_pad($input, 5, 0); # array(12, 10, 9, 0, 0) $result = array_pad($input, -7, -1); # array(-1, -1, -1, -1, 12, 10, 9)
array_fill()
— Fills an array with the given values
$a = array_fill(5, 3, 'a'); # array(5=>'a', 6=>'a', 7=>'a') $b = array_fill(-2, 3, 'pear'); # array(-2=>'a', 0=>'a', 1=>'a')
array_fill_keys()
— Fills the array with the specified keys and values
$keys = array('foo', 5, 10, 'bar'); $result = array_fill_keys($keys, 'a'); # array('foo'=>'a', 5=>'a', 10=>'a', 'bar'=>'a')
array_merge()
— Merge one or more arrays
$array1 = array('data0'); $array2 = array('data1'); $result = array_merge($array1, $array2); # array('data0', 'data1')
Other functions
1. array_walk()
Use a user-defined function to perform callback processing on each element in the array (change the original array):
$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5); array_walk($a, function(&$value, $key) { ++$value; }); # array(2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
2. array_map()
Apply the callback function to On the cells of the given array (the original array is not changed, and a new array is generated as the result):
$a = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5); $b = array_map(function($item) { return $item + 1; }, $a); # array(2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
3. array_rand()
Randomly taken from the array One or more elements:
$input = array('apple', 'banana', 'lemon', 'orange'); $result = array_rand($input, 2); # array('banana', 'lemon')
4. array_diff()
Calculate the difference of array value:
$array1 = array('a' => 'green', 'red', 'blue', 'red'); $array2 = array('b' => 'green', 'yellow', 'red'); $result = array_diff($array1, $array2); # array('blue')
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实现方法:1、使用“sleep(延迟秒数)”语句,可延迟执行函数若干秒;2、使用“time_nanosleep(延迟秒数,延迟纳秒数)”语句,可延迟执行函数若干秒和纳秒;3、使用“time_sleep_until(time()+7)”语句。

php字符串有下标。在PHP中,下标不仅可以应用于数组和对象,还可应用于字符串,利用字符串的下标和中括号“[]”可以访问指定索引位置的字符,并对该字符进行读写,语法“字符串名[下标值]”;字符串的下标值(索引值)只能是整数类型,起始值为0。

php除以100保留两位小数的方法:1、利用“/”运算符进行除法运算,语法“数值 / 100”;2、使用“number_format(除法结果, 2)”或“sprintf("%.2f",除法结果)”语句进行四舍五入的处理值,并保留两位小数。

判断方法:1、使用“strtotime("年-月-日")”语句将给定的年月日转换为时间戳格式;2、用“date("z",时间戳)+1”语句计算指定时间戳是一年的第几天。date()返回的天数是从0开始计算的,因此真实天数需要在此基础上加1。

在php中,可以使用substr()函数来读取字符串后几个字符,只需要将该函数的第二个参数设置为负值,第三个参数省略即可;语法为“substr(字符串,-n)”,表示读取从字符串结尾处向前数第n个字符开始,直到字符串结尾的全部字符。

方法:1、用“str_replace(" ","其他字符",$str)”语句,可将nbsp符替换为其他字符;2、用“preg_replace("/(\s|\ \;||\xc2\xa0)/","其他字符",$str)”语句。

查找方法:1、用strpos(),语法“strpos("字符串值","查找子串")+1”;2、用stripos(),语法“strpos("字符串值","查找子串")+1”。因为字符串是从0开始计数的,因此两个函数获取的位置需要进行加1处理。


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