python basic tutorial project five virtual tea party

This article mainly introduces the virtual tea party of python basic tutorial project 5 in detail, which has certain reference value. Interested friends can refer to it

Almost learn and use any kind of When programming languages, there is never a shortage of socket exercises, especially when writing about local area network communication. So this project in the book is just right for practicing socket programming.

The overall idea of ​​this exercise is to first have a chat server. The main functions of this server are to provide client socket connections, store each client’s connection session, process the messages sent by each connection, and parse the client. sent data. That's it. As for the client, you don't need to write code, just use the system's telnet tool.

I think with the above analysis, there is nothing much to say about the rest of this program, except of course the two classes that encapsulate sockets.

I tried this by using the socket class in python and wrote a simple communication program. However, for some reason, accidents always occurred during communication. This simple code is as follows:

server.py

import socket

mysocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
mysocket.bind(('',8888))
mysocket.listen(5)

while True:
    connection,addr = mysocket.accept()
    revStr = connection.recv(1024)
    connection.send('Server:' + revStr)
    connection.close()

clinet.py

import socket
import time

clientsocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

clientsocket.connect(('',8888))
while True:
    time.sleep(2)
    clientsocket.send('hello the5fire')
    print clientsocket.recv(1024)

clientsocket.close()

The reason why this program went wrong was not investigated in detail, because python provides two encapsulated classes to complete the socket communication process: async_chat in asynchat and dispatcher in asyncore and asyncore itself. The former class is used to handle each session between the client and the server, and the latter class is mainly used to provide socket connection services. And each socket connection is hosted by the former (async_chat) for processing.

Look at the code:

from asyncore import dispatcher
from asynchat import async_chat
import socket, asyncore

PORT = 5005
NAME = 'TestChat'

class EndSession(Exception):pass

class CommandHandler:

    def unknown(self, session, cmd):
        session.push('Unknown command: %s\r\n' % cmd)

    def handle(self, session, line):
        if not line.strip(): return

        parts = line.split(' ',1)
        cmd = parts[0]
        try: line = parts[1].strip()
        except IndexError: line = ''

        meth = getattr(self, 'do_'+cmd, None)

        try:
            meth(session, line)
        except TypeError:
            self.unknown(session,cmd)

class Room(CommandHandler):

    def __init__(self, server):
        self.server = server
        self.sessions = []

    def add(self, session):
        self.sessions.append(session)

    def remove(self, session):
        self.sessions.remove(session)

    def broadcast(self, line):
        for session in self.sessions:
            session.push(line)

    def do_logout(self, session, line):
        raise EndSession

class LoginRoom(Room):

    def add(self,session):
        Room.add(self,session)

        self.broadcast('Welcome to %s\r\n' % self.server.name)

    def unknown(self, session, cmd):
        session.push('Please log in \nUse "login"\r\n')

    def do_login(self, session, line):
        name = line.strip()

        if not name:
            session.push('Please enter a name\r\n')
        elif name in self.server.users:
            session.push('The name "%s" is taken.\r\n' % name)
            sessoin.push('Please try again.\r\n')
        else:
            session.name = name
            session.enter(self.server.main_room)

class ChatRoom(Room):

    def add(self, session):
        self.broadcast(session.name + ' has entered the room.\r\n')
        self.server.users[session.name] = session
        Room.add(self, session)

    def remove(self, session):
        Room.remove(self, session)

        self.broadcast(session.name + ' has left the room.\r\n')

    def do_say(self, session, line):
        self.broadcast(session.name + ': ' + line + '\r\n')

    def do_look(self, session, line):
        session.push('The following are in this room:\r\n')
        for other in self.sessions:
            session.push(other.name + '\r\n')

    def do_who(self, session, line):
        session.push('The following are logged in:\r\n')
        for name in self.server.users:
            session.push(name + '\r\n')

class LogoutRoom(Room):

    def add(self, session):
        try: del self.server.users[session.name]
        except KeyError: pass

class ChatSession(async_chat):

    def __init__(self, server, sock):
        async_chat.__init__(self,sock)
        self.server = server
        self.set_terminator('\r\n')
        self.data = []
        self.name = None

        self.enter(LoginRoom(server))

    def enter(self, room):

        try: 
            cur = self.room
        except AttributeError: 
            pass
        else: cur.remove(self)
        self.room = room
        room.add(self)

    def collect_incoming_data(self, data):
        self.data.append(data)

    def found_terminator(self):
        line = ''.join(self.data)
        self.data = []
        try: self.room.handle(self, line)
        except EndSession:
            self.handle_close()

    def handle_close(self):
        async_chat.handle_close(self)
        self.enter(LogoutRoom(self.server))

class ChatServer(dispatcher):

    def __init__(self, port, name):
        dispatcher.__init__(self)
        self.create_socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.bind(('',port))
        self.listen(5)
        self.name = name
        self.users = {}
        self.main_room = ChatRoom(self)

    def handle_accept(self):
        conn, addr = self.accept()
        ChatSession(self,conn)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    s = ChatServer(PORT, NAME)
    try: asyncore.loop()
    except KeyboardInterrupt: print

The whole program is divided into the three parts I mentioned at the beginning :

Provides the client's socket connection: ChatServer class.

Store the connection session of each client and process the messages sent by each connection: ChatSession class. The function of this class is very simple. It accepts data and determines whether there is a terminator. If the found_terminator method is called, .

Parse the data sent by the client: it is the remaining room-related classes. These classes are used to process the strings and commands sent by the client, and they are all inherited from CommandHandler.

Final screenshot:

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