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JS截取与分割字符串的常用方法

Mar 31, 2018 pm 02:45 PM
javascriptSplitstring


本文实例讲述了JS截取与分割字符串的常用方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

JS截取字符串可使用 substring()或者slice()
 
函数:substring()

定义:substring(start,end)表示从start到end之间的字符串,包括start位置的字符但是不包括end位置的字符。

功能:字符串截取,比如想从"MinidxSearchEngine"中得到"Minidx"就要用到substring(0,6)

例子:




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var src="images/off_1.png";

alert(src.substring(7,10));

//弹出值为:off

函数:substr()

定义:substr(start,length)表示从start位置开始,截取length长度的字符串。

功能:字符串截取

例子:




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var src="images/off_1.png";

alert(src.substr(7,3));

//弹出值为:off

函数:split()

功能:使用一个指定的分隔符把一个字符串分割存储到数组

例子:




在本例中,我们将按照不同的方式来分割字符串:

<script type="text/javascript">

var str="How are you doing today?"

document.write(str.split(" ") + "<br />")
document.write(str.split("") + "<br />")
document.write(str.split(" ",3))

</script>

输出:

How,are,you,doing,today?
H,o,w, ,a,r,e, ,y,o,u, ,d,o,i,n,g, ,t,o,d,a,y,?
How,are,you


函数:John()

功能:使用您选择的分隔符将一个数组合并为一个字符串

例子:




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var delimitedString=myArray.join(delimiter);

var myList=new Array("jpg","bmp","gif","ico","png");

var portableList=myList.join("|");

//结果是jpg|bmp|gif|ico|png

函数:indexOf()

功能:返回字符串中匹配子串的第一个字符的下标




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var myString="JavaScript";

var w=myString.indexOf("v");w will be 2

var x=myString.indexOf("S");x will be 4

var y=myString.indexOf("Script");y will also be 4

var z=myString.indexOf("key");z will be -1

函数:lastIndexOf()

定义:lastIndexOf()方法返回从右向左出现某个字符或字符串的首个字符索引值(与indexOf相反)

功能:返回字符串索引值

例子:




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var src="images/off_1.png";

alert(src.lastIndexOf('/'));

alert(src.lastIndexOf('g'));

//弹出值依次为:6,15

补充:substr 和 substring方法的区别

substr 方法

返回一个从指定位置开始的指定长度的子字符串。

stringvar.substr(start [, length ])

参数

stringvar

必选项。要提取子字符串的字符串文字或 String 对象。

start

必选项。所需的子字符串的起始位置。字符串中的第一个字符的索引为 0。

length

可选项。在返回的子字符串中应包括的字符个数。

说明

如果 length 为 0 或负数,将返回一个空字符串。如果没有指定该参数,则子字符串将延续到 stringvar 的最后。

示例

下面的示例演示了substr 方法的用法。




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function SubstrDemo(){

  var s, ss;        // 声明变量。

  var s = "The rain in Spain falls mainly in the plain.";

  ss = s.substr(12, 5); // 获取子字符串。

  return(ss);        // 返回 "Spain"。

}

substring 方法

返回位于 String 对象中指定位置的子字符串。

strVariable.substring(start, end)
"String Literal".substring(start, end)

参数

start

指明子字符串的起始位置,该索引从 0 开始起算。

end

指明子字符串的结束位置,该索引从 0 开始起算。

说明

substring 方法将返回一个包含从 start 到最后(不包含 end )的子字符串的字符串。

substring 方法使用 start 和 end 两者中的较小值作为子字符串的起始点。例如, strvar.substring(0, 3) 和 strvar.substring(3, 0) 将返回相同的子字符串。

如果 start 或 end 为 NaN 或者负数,那么将其替换为0。

子字符串的长度等于 start 和 end 之差的绝对值。例如,在 strvar.substring(0, 3) 和 strvar.substring(3, 0) 返回的子字符串的的长度是 3。

示例

下面的示例演示了 substring 方法的用法。




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function SubstringDemo(){

  var ss; // 声明变量。

  var s = "The rain in Spain falls mainly in the plain..";

  ss = s.substring(12, 17); // 取子字符串。

  return(ss); // 返回子字符串。

}

希望本文所述对大家JavaScript程序设计有所帮助。

相关推荐:

JS截取与分割字符串方法:substring、substr、slice的区别

JS截取与分割字符串常用技巧详解

JS分割字符串并放入数组的函数_javascript技巧

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