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从MySQL数据库表中取出随机数据的代码_php技巧

WBOY
WBOYOriginal
2016-05-17 09:39:05938browse

MySQL 如何从表中取出随机数据 
以前在群里讨论过这个问题,比较的有意思.mysql的语法真好玩.

他们原来都想用PHP的实现随机,但取出多条好像要进行两次以上查询.

翻了手册,找到了下面这个语句,可以完成任务了

SELECT * FROM table_name ORDER BY rand() LIMIT 5;

rand在手册里是这么说的:
RAND() 
RAND(N) 
返回在范围0到1.0内的随机浮点值。如果一个整数参数N被指定,它被用作种子值。 
mysql> select RAND();
        -> 0.5925
mysql> select RAND(20);
        -> 0.1811
mysql> select RAND(20);
        -> 0.1811
mysql> select RAND();
        -> 0.2079
mysql> select RAND();
        -> 0.7888
你不能在一个ORDER BY子句用RAND()值使用列,因为ORDER BY将重复计算列多次。然而在MySQL3.23中,你可以做: SELECT * FROM table_name ORDER BY RAND(),这是有利于得到一个来自SELECT * FROM table1,table2 WHERE a=b AND c
但我试了一下,8千条记录的表,执行一次需要0.08 sec,.慢了些

后来请教了google,得到如下代码

SELECT * 
 FROM table_name AS r1 JOIN 
    (SELECT ROUND(RAND() * 
           (SELECT MAX(id) 
            FROM table_name)) AS id) 
    AS r2 
WHERE r1.id >= r2.id 
ORDER BY r1.id ASC 
LIMIT 5;

执行效率需要0.02 sec.可惜的是,只有mysql 4.1.*以上才支持这样的子查询. 

以下是php代码:

<&#63;
//数据库连接就不写在这里面了
$s = isset( $_GET['s'] )&#63;$_GET['s']:0;
$e = isset( $_GET['e'])&#63;$_GET['e']:50;
$count =85000;
if( $s < $count )
{
 $sql = "select * from 表前缀_info where isget =0 order by id desc limit $s,$e ";
 $query = mysql_query( $sql );
 while( $rs = mysql_fetch_array( $query ) )
 {
 $id = $rs['id'];
 $sss = $rs['sss'];
 $typeid = $rs['typeid'];
 $isget = $rs['isget'];
 $sql = "insert into 表前缀_info_bak (id,表前缀,typeid,isget) values('$id','$sss','$typeid','$isget')";
 mysql_query( $sql ) ;
 echo $sql;
 //exit;
 $sqlu = "update 表前缀_info set isget=1 where id =".$rs['id'];
 mysql_query( $sqlu );
 }
 echo '<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0;url=rand.php&#63;s='.($s+50).'&e=50">正在处理数据,当前为'.$s.'条......';
}
else
{
 echo '完成所有数据处理 <a href=rand.php>再随机排序一次</a>';
}
&#63;>
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