search
HomeWeb Front-endJS TutorialRegular re.sub & re.subn in python

这次给大家带来python中的正则re.sub & re.subn,使用python中正则re.sub & re.subn的注意事项有哪些,下面就是实战案例,一起来看一下。

python正则表达式模块简介

Python 自1.5版本起增加了re 模块,它提供 Perl 风格的正则表达式模式。Python 1.5之前版本则是通过 regex 模块提供 Emacs 风格的模式。Emacs 风格模式可读性稍差些,而且功能也不强,因此编写新代码时尽量不要再使用 regex 模块,当然偶尔你还是可能在老代码里发现其踪影。

就其本质而言,正则表达式(或 RE)是一种小型的、高度专业化的编程语言,(在Python中)它内嵌在Python中,并通过 re 模块实现。使用这个小型语言,你可以为想要匹配的相应字符串集指定规则;该字符串集可能包含英文语句、e-mail地址、TeX命令或任何你想搞定的东西。然后你可以问诸如“这个字符串匹配该模式吗?”或“在这个字符串中是否有部分匹配该模式呢?”。你也可以使用 RE 以各种方式来修改或分割字符串。

正则表达式模式被编译成一系列的字节码,然后由用 C 编写的匹配引擎执行。在高级用法中,也许还要仔细留意引擎是如何执行给定 RE ,如何以特定方式编写 RE 以令生产的字节码运行速度更快。本文并不涉及优化,因为那要求你已充分掌握了匹配引擎的内部机制。

正则表达式语言相对小型和受限(功能有限),因此并非所有字符串处理都能用正则表达式完成。当然也有些任务可以用正则表达式完成,不过最终表达式会变得异常复杂。碰到这些情形时,编写 Python 代码进行处理可能反而更好;尽管 Python 代码比一个精巧的正则表达式要慢些,但它更易理解。

正则表达式一个比较常见的用途是找到所有模式匹配的字符串并用不同的字符串来替换它们。sub方法提供一个替换值,可以是字符串或函数,和一个要被处理的字符串。

Grammar:

re.sub(pattern, repl, string[, count])

使用repl替换string中每一个匹配的子串后返回替换后的字符串。

当repl是一个字符串时,可以使用\id或\g、\g引用分组,但不能使用编号0。

当repl是一个方法时,这个方法应当只接受一个参数(Match对象),并返回一个字符串用于替换(返回的字符串中不能再引用分组)。

count用于指定最多替换次数,不指定时全部替换。

re.subn(pattern, repl, string[, count])

返回 (sub(repl, string[, count]), 替换次数)。

Case:

#coding=utf-8
import re
str = "https://i.cnb1logs.co2m/Edi3tPosts.asp4x?opt=999"
pattern=re.compile(r'(\.)')
print '\.     :' ,re.sub(pattern,'-',str)
pattern=re.compile(r'\/([^*]+)\/')
print '\/([^*]+)\/ :' ,re.sub(pattern,r'<em>\1<em>',str)
pattern = re.compile(r'(\w+)(\w+)(\d+)')
#先切片测试
print re.split(pattern,str)
print re.sub(pattern,r'\3 \1',str)
#subn统计sub替换次数
print re.subn(pattern,r'\3 \1',str)</em></em>

Output

\.     : https://i-cnb1logs-co2m/Edi3tPosts-asp4x?opt=999
\/([^*]+)\/ : https:<em>/i.cnb1logs.co2m<em>Edi3tPosts.asp4x?opt=999
['https://i.', 'cn', 'b', '1', 'logs.', 'c', 'o', '2', 'm/', 'Ed', 'i', '3', 'tPosts.', 'as', 'p', '4', 'x?opt=', '9', '9', '9', '']
https://i.1 cnlogs.2 cm/3 EdtPosts.4 asx?opt=9 9
('https://i.1 cnlogs.2 cm/3 EdtPosts.4 asx?opt=9 9', 5)
***Repl Closed***</em></em>

相信看了本文案例你已经掌握了方法,更多精彩请关注php中文网其它相关文章!

推荐阅读:

正则表达式的\D元字符(等价于"[^0-9]")使用详解

验证用户设置的密码强度正则表达式

The above is the detailed content of Regular re.sub & re.subn in python. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
The Future of Python and JavaScript: Trends and PredictionsThe Future of Python and JavaScript: Trends and PredictionsApr 27, 2025 am 12:21 AM

The future trends of Python and JavaScript include: 1. Python will consolidate its position in the fields of scientific computing and AI, 2. JavaScript will promote the development of web technology, 3. Cross-platform development will become a hot topic, and 4. Performance optimization will be the focus. Both will continue to expand application scenarios in their respective fields and make more breakthroughs in performance.

Python vs. JavaScript: Development Environments and ToolsPython vs. JavaScript: Development Environments and ToolsApr 26, 2025 am 12:09 AM

Both Python and JavaScript's choices in development environments are important. 1) Python's development environment includes PyCharm, JupyterNotebook and Anaconda, which are suitable for data science and rapid prototyping. 2) The development environment of JavaScript includes Node.js, VSCode and Webpack, which are suitable for front-end and back-end development. Choosing the right tools according to project needs can improve development efficiency and project success rate.

Is JavaScript Written in C? Examining the EvidenceIs JavaScript Written in C? Examining the EvidenceApr 25, 2025 am 12:15 AM

Yes, the engine core of JavaScript is written in C. 1) The C language provides efficient performance and underlying control, which is suitable for the development of JavaScript engine. 2) Taking the V8 engine as an example, its core is written in C, combining the efficiency and object-oriented characteristics of C. 3) The working principle of the JavaScript engine includes parsing, compiling and execution, and the C language plays a key role in these processes.

JavaScript's Role: Making the Web Interactive and DynamicJavaScript's Role: Making the Web Interactive and DynamicApr 24, 2025 am 12:12 AM

JavaScript is at the heart of modern websites because it enhances the interactivity and dynamicity of web pages. 1) It allows to change content without refreshing the page, 2) manipulate web pages through DOMAPI, 3) support complex interactive effects such as animation and drag-and-drop, 4) optimize performance and best practices to improve user experience.

C   and JavaScript: The Connection ExplainedC and JavaScript: The Connection ExplainedApr 23, 2025 am 12:07 AM

C and JavaScript achieve interoperability through WebAssembly. 1) C code is compiled into WebAssembly module and introduced into JavaScript environment to enhance computing power. 2) In game development, C handles physics engines and graphics rendering, and JavaScript is responsible for game logic and user interface.

From Websites to Apps: The Diverse Applications of JavaScriptFrom Websites to Apps: The Diverse Applications of JavaScriptApr 22, 2025 am 12:02 AM

JavaScript is widely used in websites, mobile applications, desktop applications and server-side programming. 1) In website development, JavaScript operates DOM together with HTML and CSS to achieve dynamic effects and supports frameworks such as jQuery and React. 2) Through ReactNative and Ionic, JavaScript is used to develop cross-platform mobile applications. 3) The Electron framework enables JavaScript to build desktop applications. 4) Node.js allows JavaScript to run on the server side and supports high concurrent requests.

Python vs. JavaScript: Use Cases and Applications ComparedPython vs. JavaScript: Use Cases and Applications ComparedApr 21, 2025 am 12:01 AM

Python is more suitable for data science and automation, while JavaScript is more suitable for front-end and full-stack development. 1. Python performs well in data science and machine learning, using libraries such as NumPy and Pandas for data processing and modeling. 2. Python is concise and efficient in automation and scripting. 3. JavaScript is indispensable in front-end development and is used to build dynamic web pages and single-page applications. 4. JavaScript plays a role in back-end development through Node.js and supports full-stack development.

The Role of C/C   in JavaScript Interpreters and CompilersThe Role of C/C in JavaScript Interpreters and CompilersApr 20, 2025 am 12:01 AM

C and C play a vital role in the JavaScript engine, mainly used to implement interpreters and JIT compilers. 1) C is used to parse JavaScript source code and generate an abstract syntax tree. 2) C is responsible for generating and executing bytecode. 3) C implements the JIT compiler, optimizes and compiles hot-spot code at runtime, and significantly improves the execution efficiency of JavaScript.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows

This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse

Integrate Eclipse with SAP NetWeaver application server.