node.js blog project development experience sharing

This article mainly summarizes the relevant steps of node.js blog project development and sharing of knowledge points. Friends who are interested can refer to it. I hope it can help everyone.

Modules that need to be installed

• body-parser parses post requests

• cookies read and write cookies

• express build server

• markdown Markdown syntax parsing generator

• mongoose operates Mongodb database

• swig template parsing engine
  

Directory structure

• db database storage directory

• models database model file directory

• public public file directory (css, js ,img)

• routers routing file directory

• schemas database structure file

• views template view File directory

• app.js startup file

• package.json

app.js file

1. Create application and listening port

const app = express();

app.get('/',(req,res,next) => {
  res.send("Hello World !");
});
app.listen(3000,(req,res,next) => {
  console.log("app is running at port 3000");
});

2. Configure application template

• Define the template engine used app.engine('html',swig.renderFile) Parameter 1: The name of the template engine, which is also the suffix of the template file Parameter 2: Indicates the method used to parse and process the template content

• Set the directory where template files are stored app.set('views','./views')

• Register the template engine used app.set(' view engine','html')

3. Use template engine to parse files

/**
 * 读取views目录下的指定文件，解析并返回给客户端 
 * 参数1：模板文件
 * 参数2：给模板传递的参数 
 */
 
res.render('index',{
  title:'首页 ',
  content: 'hello swig'
});

4.Develop During the process, you need to cancel the restrictions on template caching

swig.setDefaults({
 cache: false
});
app.set('view cache', false);

5. Set up static file hosting

 // 当用户访问的是/public路径下的文件，那么直接返回
app.use('/public',express.static(__dirname + '/public'));

Division module

• Front module

• Backend module

• API module

// 根据不同的功能划分模块
app.use('/',require('./routers/main'));
app.use('/admin',require('./routers/admin'));
app.use('/api',require('./routers/api'));

For the admin module admin.js

var express = require('express');
var router = express.Router();

// 比如访问 /admin/user
router.get('/user',function(req,res,next) {
  res.send('User');
});
module.exports = router;

Front-end routing + template

main module
/Homepage
/view content page

api module

/Homepage
/register User Registration
/login User Login
/comment Comment Get
/comment/post Comment Submit

Backstage (admin) routing + template

Homepage

/ Backstage Homepage

User Management

/ user User list

Category management

/category Category list
/category/add Category addition
/category/edit Category modification
/category /delete Category deletion

Article content management

/article nei content list
/article/add content addition
/article/edit content modification
/article/delete Content deletion

Comment content management

/comment Comment list
/comment/delete Comment deletion

Function development sequence

Function module development sequence

• User

• ##Column

• Content

• Comments

Encoding order

• Defining the design data storage structure through Schema

• Functional logic

• Page display

##Connect to database (mongoDB)

Start the MongoDB server:

mongod --dbpath=G:\data\db --port=27017

Start the service and set the storage address and port of the database

var mongoose = require('mongoose');
// 数据库链接
mongoose.connect("mongodb://localhost:27017/blog",(err) => {
  if(err){
    console.log("数据库连接失败");
  }else{
    console.log("数据库连接成功");
   // 启动服务器，监听端口 
   app.listen(3000,(req,res,next) => {
      console.log("app is running at port 3000");
    });
  }
});

Define the data table structure and model

For the user data table (users.js) in Under the schema folder:

var mongoose = require('mongoose');
module.exports = new mongoose.Schema({
  // 用户名
  username:String,
  // 密码
  password:String
});

Create the user.js model class in the models directory

var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var userSchema = require('../schemas/users');
module.exports = mongoose.model('User',userSchema);

Processing user registration

The front end submits the user name and password through ajax

url: /api/register

After End-to-front-end submission (POST) data parsing

var bodyParser = require('body-parser');
// bodyParser 配置
// 通过使用这一方法，可以为req对象添加一个body属性
app.use( bodyParser.urlencoded({extended:true}));

// 在api模块中：
// 1.可以定义一个中间件，来统一返回格式
var responseData;
router.use( function(req,res,next){ // path默认为'/',当访问该目录时这个中间件被调用
  responseData = {
     code:0,
    message:''
  };
  next();
});

router.post('/register',(req,res,next) => {
  console.log(req.body);
  // 去判断用户名、密码是否合法
  // 判断是否用户名已经被注册
  // 通过 res.json(responseData) 给客户端返回json数据
  
  // 查询数据库
  User.findOne({  // 返回一个promise对象
      username: username
  }).then(function( userInfo ) {
      if( userInfo ){ // 数据库中有该条记录
      ...
     res.json(responseData);
     return;
    }
    // 给数据库中添加该条信息
    var user = new User({ username:username,password:password });
    return user.save(); // 返回promise对象
  }).then(function( newUserInfo ){
      console.log(newUserInfo);
    res.json(responseData); // 数据保存成功 
  });
});

Usage of cookies module

Global (app.js) registration usage

// 设置cookie
// 只要客户端发送请求就会通过这个中间件
app.use((req, res, next) => {
  req.cookies = new cookies(req, res);

  /**
   * 解析用户的cookies信息
   * 查询数据库判断是否为管理员 isAdmin
   * 注意：查询数据库是异步操作，next应该放在回调里边
   */
  req.userInfo = {};
  if (req.cookies.get("userInfo")) {
    try {
      req.userInfo = JSON.parse(req.cookies.get("userInfo"));
      // 查询数据库判断是否为管理员
      User.findById(req.userInfo._id).then(function (result) {
        req.userInfo.isAdmin = Boolean(result.isAdmin);
        next();
      });
    } catch (e) {
      next();
    }
  } else {
    next();
  }
});

// 当用户登录或注册成功之后，可以为其设置cookies
req.cookies.set("userInfo",JSON.stringify({
   _id:result._id,
  username:result.username 
}));

swig template engine

1. Variables

{{ name } }

2.Attribute

{{ student.name }}

3.if judgment

{ % if name === 'Guo Jing' % }

hello Brother Jing

{ % endif % }

4. for loop

##// arr = [1, 2, 3]

{ % for key, val in arr % }

66bf3bb3f53e927d6b810899bf433fdd

{ % endfor % }

##5.set command

Used to set a variable and reuse it in the current context

{% set foo = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] %}

{% extends 'layout.html' %} // Inherit a certain HTML template

{% include 'page.html' %} // Include a template to the current location

{% block main %} xxx { % endblock %} //Rewrite a certain block

6.autoescape automatic encoding

当想在某个p中显示后端生成的HTML代码，模板渲染时会自动编码，
以字符串的形式显示。通过以下方式，可以避免这个情况：

<p id="article-content" class="content">
  {% autoescape false %}
  {{ data.article_content_html }}
  {% endautoescape %}
</p>

用户管理和分页

CRUD用户数据

const User = require('../models/user');

// 查询所有的用户数据
User.find().then(function(users){

});

// 根据某一字段查询数据
User.findOne({
  username:username
}).then(function(result){

});

// 根据用户ID查询数据
User.findById(id).then(function(user){

});

// 根据ID删除数据
User.remove({
  _id: id
}).then(function(){

});

// 修改数据
User.update({
  _id: id
},{
  username: name
}).then(function(){ 
});

数据分页管理

两个重要方法

limit(Number): 限制获取的数据条数

skip(Number): 忽略数据的条数 前number条

忽略条数：（当前页 - 1） * 每页显示的条数

// 接收传过来的page
let query_page = Number(req.query.page) || 1;
query_page = Math.max(query_page, 1); // 限制最小为1
query_page = Math.min(Math.ceil(count / limit), query_page); // 限制最大值 count/limit向上取整


var cur_page = query_page; // 当前页
var limit = 10; // 每页显示的条数
var skip = (cur_page - 1) * limit; //忽略的条数

User.find().limit(limit).skip(skip).then(function(users){
  ...
 // 将当前页 page 传给页面
 // 将最大页码 maxPage 传给页面
});

文章的表结构

// 对于content.js
var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var contentSch = require('../schemas/contentSch');

module.exports = mongoose.model('Content',contentSch);


// contentSch.js
module.exports = new mongoose.Schema({
  
  // 关联字段 - 分类的id
  category:{
    // 类型
    type:mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId,
    // 引用
    ref:'Category' 
  },
  
  // 内容标题
  title: String,
  
  // 简介
  description:{
    type: String,
    default: '' 
  },
  
  // 内容
  content:{
    type:String,
    default:''
  }
});

// 文章查询时关联category字段
Content.find().populate('category').then(contents => {
  // 那么通过这样的方式，我们就可以找到Content表中的
  // 关联信息   content.category.category_name 
});

MarkDown语法高亮

在HTML中直接使用

<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.12.0/styles/default.min.css">
<script src="http://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.12.0/highlight.min.js"></script>

<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/marked/0.3.17/marked.min.js"></script>

// marked相关配置
marked.setOptions({
  renderer: new marked.Renderer(),
  gfm: true,
  tables: true,
  breaks: false,
  pedantic: false,
  sanitize: true,
  smartLists: true,
  smartypants: false,
  highlight: function (code) {
    return hljs.highlightAuto(code).value;
  }
});

// MarkDown语法解析内容预览
$(&#39;#bjw-content&#39;).on(&#39;keyup blur&#39;, function () {
  $(&#39;#bjw-previous&#39;).html(marked($(&#39;#bjw-content&#39;).val()));
});

node环境中使用

// 在模板页面引入默认样式
<!--语法高亮-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.12.0/styles/default.min.css">

const marked = require(&#39;marked&#39;);
const hljs = require(&#39;highlight.js&#39;);

// marked相关配置
marked.setOptions({
  renderer: new marked.Renderer(),
  gfm: true,
  tables: true,
  breaks: false,
  pedantic: false,
  sanitize: true,
  smartLists: true,
  smartypants: false,
  highlight: function (code) {
    return hljs.highlightAuto(code).value;
  }
});

// 对内容进行markdown语法转换
data.article_content_html = marked(article.content);

使文本域支持Tab缩进

$('#bjw-content').on('keydown',function(e){
  if(e.keyCode === 9){ // Tab键
     var position = this.selectionStart + 2; // Tab === 俩空格
    this.value = this.value.substr(0,this.selectionStart) + " " + this.value.substr(this.selectionStart);
    this.selectionStart = position;
    this.selectionEnd = position;
    this.focus();
    e.preventDefault();
  }
});

layer 弹框

// 显示弹框
function showDialog(text, icon, callback) {
  layer.open({
    time: 1500,
    anim: 4,
    offset: 't',
    icon: icon,
    content: text,
    btn: false,
    title: false,
    closeBtn: 0,
    end: function () {
      callback && callback();
    }
  });
});

随机用户头像生成

// 引入对应的库
const crypto = require('crypto');
const identicon = require('identicon.js');

// 当用户注册时，根据用户的用户名生成随机头像
let hash = crypto.createHash('md5');
hash.update(username);
let imgData = new identicon(hash.digest('hex').toString());
let imgUrl = 'data:/image/png;base64,'+imgData;

orm表单提交的小问题

当使用form表单提交一些代码的时候，会出现浏览器拦截的现象，原因是：浏览器误以为客户进行xss攻击。所以呢解决这个问题也很简单，就是对提交的内容进行base64或者其他形式的编码，在服务器端进行解码，即可解决。

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