This time I will bring you in-depth JavaScript DOM application, What are the precautions when using JavaScript DOM application, the following is a practical case, let's take a look.
What is DOM:
Document, node! In fact, it is all about the same thing. In CSS, it is called a label, in JS, it is called an element, and in DOM, it is called a node;
Browser support
IE:10% Chrome:60% FF:99% Support
DOM node
childNodes: child node
nodeType: type of node
nodeType == 3 -> Text node
nodeType == 1 -> Element node
childNodes and nodeType are used together
<head> <meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>01-DOM基础</title>
<script>
window.onload = function () { // ul的子节点为li
var oUl = document.getElementById('ul1'); for(var i=0;i<oUl.childNodes.length;i++){ //由于在不同的浏览器下,获取到的oUl.childNodes是不一样的;IE6-8会将文本节点也算进去;
//故若想给元素节点修改样式,可以通过 oUl.childNodes[i].nodeType == 1 来获取元素节点,并修改样式;
//nodeType==3 -> 文本节点
//nodeType==1 -> 元素节点
//给所有的li设置背景颜色
if(oUl.childNodes[i].nodeType == 1){
oUl.childNodes[i].style.background = 'red';
}
}
} </script></head><body><ul id="ul1">
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li></ul>abcdefg //文本节点<span>abcdefg</span> //元素节点</body></html>Get child nodes
children:he Only includes elements, no text, compatible with all browsers
So the above example can be written like this, simple and crude!!!
for (var i=0;i<oUl.children.length;i++){
oUl.children[i].style.background = 'red';
}parentNode: parent node
Example: click on the link to hide the entire li
parentNode example:
<html lang="en"><head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>02-parentNode</title>
<script>
window.onload = function () { var aA = document.getElementsByTagName('a'); for(var i=0;i<aA.length;i++){
aA[i].onclick = function () { this.parentNode.style.display = 'none';
}
}
} </script></head><body><ul>
<li>11111<a href="javaScript:;">隐藏</a></li>
<li>22222<a href="javaScript:;">隐藏</a></li>
<li>33333<a href="javaScript:;">隐藏</a></li>
<li>44444<a href="javaScript:;">隐藏</a></li></ul></body></html>offsetParent
Example: Get the actual position of the element on the page
Mainly used for positioning, get the actual parent node of the element.
Example One: Set absolute positioning to the second div2, and set nothing to the parent node div1 of div2, then the offsetParent of div2 is body.
<html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>offsetParent</title> <style> #div1{width: 200px;height: 200px;background: #ccc;margin-left: 100px;} #div2{width: 100px;height: 100px;background: red;position: absolute;left: 10px;} </style> <script> window.onload = function () { oDiv2 = document.getElementById('div2'); alert(oDiv2.offsetParent); //结果:[object HTMLBodyElement] 父节点为body; } </script> </head> <body> <div id="div1"> <div id="div2"></div> </div> </body> </html>Example 2: Give the second div2 Set absolute positioning and set relative positioning for the parent node div1 of div2, then the offsetParent of div2 is div1.
<html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>offsetParent</title> <style> #div1{width: 200px;height: 200px;background: #ccc;margin-left: 100px; position: relative;} #div2{width: 100px;height: 100px;background: red;position: absolute;left: 10px;} </style> <script> window.onload = function () { oDiv2 = document.getElementById('div2'); alert(oDiv2.offsetParent); //结果:[object HTMLDivElement] 父节点为div; } </script> </head> <body> <div id="div1"> <div id="div2"></div> </div> </body> </html>2.DOM node (2)
First and last child node
There are compatibility issues
firstChild、firstElementChild lastChild 、lastElementChild //IE6-8 //oUl.firstChild.style.background='red'; //高级浏览器 //oUl.firstElementChild.style.background='red';
<html><head><meta charset="utf-8"><title>无标题文档</title><script>window.onload=function (){ var oUl=document.getElementById('ul1'); //IE6-8
//oUl.firstChild.style.background='red';
//高级浏览器
//oUl.firstElementChild.style.background='red';
//给第一个li设置红色背景:由于兼容问题,故需判断下
if(oUl.firstElementChild)
{
oUl.firstElementChild.style.background='red';
} else
{
oUl.firstChild.style.background='red';
}
};</script></head><body><ul id="ul1">
<li>1</li>
<li>2</li>
<li>3</li></ul></body></html>Sibling nodes (use the same as above)
There are compatibility issues
nextSibling, nextElementSibling
previousSibling, previousElementSibling
3. Manipulate element attributes
ElementAttribute operation
First type: oDiv.style.display=' block';
Second type: oDiv.style['display']='block';
Third type: Dom method: oDiv2.setAttribute('display','none');
DOM way to operate element attributes
Get: getAttribute(name)
Set: setAttribute(name, value)
Delete: removeAttribute(name)
4. Use className to select the element
How to select elements using className
Select all elements
Filter by className conditions
Basic usage
<html><head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script>
window.onload=function () { var oUl=document.getElementById('ul1'); var aLi=oUl.getElementsByTagName('li'); for(var i=0;i<aLi.length;i++)
{ if(aLi[i].className=='box')
{
aLi[i].style.background='red';
}
}
}; </script></head><body><ul id="ul1">
<li class="box"></li>
<li class="box"></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li class="box"></li>
<li></li></ul></body></html>Encapsulate into a function
Advanced usage
<script>
//封装成函数
function getByClass(oParent, sClass) { var aResult=[]; var aEle=oParent.getElementsByTagName('*');//*通配符,获取oParent下面所有的节点
for(var i=0;i<aEle.length;i++)
{ if(aEle[i].className==sClass)
{
aResult.push(aEle[i]);
}
} return aResult;
} window.onload=function () { var oUl=document.getElementById('ul1'); var aBox=getByClass(oUl, 'box'); for(var i=0;i<aBox.length;i++)
{
aBox[i].style.background='red';
}
}; </script>
<body>
<ul id="ul1">
<li class="box"></li>
<li class="box"></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li class="box"></li>
<li></li>
</ul></body>5. Create, insert and delete elements
Create DOM elements
createElement(tag name) Create a node appendChild(node) Append a node
Note: appendChild (Node) has two functions:
(1) If this element is created through createElement (tag name), then it can be added directly to the new parent;
(2). If This element has a parent, then 1. Delete the element from the original parent first; 2. Add it to the new parent.
Example: Insert li for ul
<html><head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script>
window.onload=function () { var oBtn=document.getElementById('btn1'); var oUl=document.getElementById('ul1'); var oTxt=document.getElementById('txt1');
oBtn.onclick=function () { //创建节点
var oLi=document.createElement('li');
oLi.innerHTML=oTxt.value; //添加节点 父级.appendChild(子节点);
oUl.appendChild(oLi);
};
}; </script></head><body><input id="txt1" type="text"/><input id="btn1" type="button" value="创建li"/><ul id="ul1"></ul></body></html>Believe After reading the case in this article, you have mastered the method. For more exciting information, please pay attention to other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
Recommended reading:
In-depth basic application of JavaScript
##8 basic knowledge that must be paid attention to in JS
The above is the detailed content of In-depth JavaScript DOM application. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
es6数组怎么去掉重复并且重新排序May 05, 2022 pm 07:08 PM去掉重复并排序的方法：1、使用“Array.from(new Set(arr))”或者“[…new Set(arr)]”语句，去掉数组中的重复元素，返回去重后的新数组；2、利用sort()对去重数组进行排序，语法“去重数组.sort()”。
JavaScript的Symbol类型、隐藏属性及全局注册表详解Jun 02, 2022 am 11:50 AM本篇文章给大家带来了关于JavaScript的相关知识，其中主要介绍了关于Symbol类型、隐藏属性及全局注册表的相关问题，包括了Symbol类型的描述、Symbol不会隐式转字符串等问题，下面一起来看一下，希望对大家有帮助。
原来利用纯CSS也能实现文字轮播与图片轮播！Jun 10, 2022 pm 01:00 PM怎么制作文字轮播与图片轮播？大家第一想到的是不是利用js，其实利用纯CSS也能实现文字轮播与图片轮播，下面来看看实现方法，希望对大家有所帮助！
JavaScript对象的构造函数和new操作符（实例详解）May 10, 2022 pm 06:16 PM本篇文章给大家带来了关于JavaScript的相关知识，其中主要介绍了关于对象的构造函数和new操作符，构造函数是所有对象的成员方法中，最早被调用的那个，下面一起来看一下吧，希望对大家有帮助。
JavaScript面向对象详细解析之属性描述符May 27, 2022 pm 05:29 PM本篇文章给大家带来了关于JavaScript的相关知识，其中主要介绍了关于面向对象的相关问题，包括了属性描述符、数据描述符、存取描述符等等内容，下面一起来看一下，希望对大家有帮助。
javascript怎么移除元素点击事件Apr 11, 2022 pm 04:51 PM方法：1、利用“点击元素对象.unbind("click");”方法，该方法可以移除被选元素的事件处理程序；2、利用“点击元素对象.off("click");”方法，该方法可以移除通过on()方法添加的事件处理程序。
整理总结JavaScript常见的BOM操作Jun 01, 2022 am 11:43 AM本篇文章给大家带来了关于JavaScript的相关知识，其中主要介绍了关于BOM操作的相关问题，包括了window对象的常见事件、JavaScript执行机制等等相关内容，下面一起来看一下，希望对大家有帮助。
foreach是es6里的吗May 05, 2022 pm 05:59 PMforeach不是es6的方法。foreach是es3中一个遍历数组的方法，可以调用数组的每个元素，并将元素传给回调函数进行处理，语法“array.forEach(function(当前元素,索引,数组){...})”；该方法不处理空数组。
Hot AI Tools
Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos
AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.
Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free
Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover
AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.
Hot Article
Hot Tools
ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac
Powerful PHP integrated development environment
Safe Exam Browser
Safe Exam Browser is a secure browser environment for taking online exams securely. This software turns any computer into a secure workstation. It controls access to any utility and prevents students from using unauthorized resources.
DVWA
Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software
SublimeText3 English version
Recommended: Win version, supports code prompts!
VSCode Windows 64-bit Download
A free and powerful IDE editor launched by Microsoft
