How to use Swiper on mobile

Recently, I have used Ele.me’s vue front-end component library in the mobile terminal. Because I don’t want to use it simply with components, I want to have a deeper understanding of the implementation principle. This article mainly introduces the relevant information of Swiper on mobile effects in detail. It has certain reference value. Interested friends can refer to it. I hope it can help everyone.

The code is here: poke me

1. Description

Parent container overflow:hidden;,subpagetransform:translateX(-100%);width:100%;

2. Core analysis

2.1 Page initialization

Since all pages are one screen width on the left side of the mobile phone screen, the initial situation is that no subpage can be seen in the page, so the first step should be Set the subpage that should be displayed. By default defaultIndex:0

function reInitPages() {
  // 得出页面是否能够被滑动
  // 1. 子页面只有一个
  // 2. 用户手动设置不能滑动 noDragWhenSingle = true
  noDrag = children.length === 1 && noDragWhenSingle;

  var aPages = [];
  var intDefaultIndex = Math.floor(defaultIndex);
  var defaultIndex = (intDefaultIndex >= 0 && intDefaultIndex < children.length) 
    ? intDefaultIndex : 0;
  
  // 得到当前被激活的子页面索引
  index = defaultIndex;

  children.forEach(function(child, index) {
    aPages.push(child);
    // 所有页面移除激活class
    child.classList.remove(&#39;is-active&#39;);

    if (index === defaultIndex) {
      // 给激活的子页面加上激活class
      child.classList.add(&#39;is-active&#39;);
    }
  });

  pages = aPages;
}

2.2 Container sliding start (onTouchStart)

at low On version android mobile phones, setting event.preventDefault() will improve performance to a certain extent, making sliding less laggy.

Pre-work:

• If the user sets prevent:true, prevent the default behavior when sliding

• If the user sets prevent:true With stopPropagation:true, prevent the event from propagating upward when sliding

• If the animation has not ended yet, prevent sliding

• Set dragging:true and the sliding starts

• Set user scrolling to false
  

Sliding start:

Use a global object to record information, which includes ：

dragState = {
  startTime      // 开始时间
  startLeft      // 开始的X坐标
  startTop      // 开始的Y坐标(相对于整个页面viewport pageY)
  startTopAbsolute  // 绝对Y坐标(相对于文档顶部 clientY)
  pageWidth      // 一个页面宽度
  pageHeight     // 一个页面的高度
  prevPage      // 上一个页面
  dragPage      // 当前页面
  nextPage      // 下一个页面
};

2.3 Container sliding (onTouchMove)

Apply global dragState, record new information

dragState = {
  currentLeft     // 开始的X坐标
  currentTop     // 开始的Y坐标(相对于整个页面viewport pageY)
  currentTopAbsolute // 绝对Y坐标(相对于文档顶部 clientY)
};

Then we can calculate something through the information in the start and slide:

The horizontal displacement of the slide (offsetLeft = currentLeft - startLeft)

Slide The vertical displacement (offsetTop = currentTopAbsolute - startTopAbsolute)

Is it the user's natural scrolling? The natural scrolling here means that the user does not want to slide the swiper, but wants to slide the page

// 条件
// distanceX = Math.abs(offsetLeft);
// distanceY = Math.abs(offsetTop);
distanceX < 5 || ( distanceY >= 5 && distanceY >= 1.73 * distanceX )

Determine whether to move left or right (offsetLeft < 0, move left, otherwise, move right)

Reset displacement

##

// 如果存在上一个页面并且是左移
if (dragState.prevPage && towards === 'prev') {
  // 重置上一个页面的水平位移为 offsetLeft - dragState.pageWidth
  // 由于 offsetLeft 一直在变化，并且 >0
  // 那么也就是说 offsetLeft - dragState.pageWidth 的值一直在变大，但是仍未负数
  // 这就是为什么当连续属性存在的时候左滑会看到上一个页面会跟着滑动的原因
  // 这里的 translate 方法其实很简单，在滑动的时候去除了动画效果`transition`，单纯改变位移
  // 而在滑动结束的时候，加上`transition`，使得滑动到最后释放的过渡更加自然
  translate(dragState.prevPage, offsetLeft - dragState.pageWidth);
}

// 当前页面跟着滑动
translate(dragState.dragPage, offsetLeft);

// 后一个页面同理
if (dragState.nextPage && towards === 'next') {
  translate(dragState.nextPage, offsetLeft + dragState.pageWidth);
}

2.4 Slide End (onTouchEnd)

Pre-work:

During sliding, we can judge in real time whether it is the user's natural scrolling userScrolling. If it is the user's natural scrolling , then the sliding information of

swiper does not count, so some clearing operations must be done:

dragging = false;
dragState = {};

Of course, if userScrolling:false, then it is a sliding sub-page , execute the doOnTouchEnd method

Judge whether it is a tap event

// 时间小于300ms,click事件延迟300ms触发
// 水平位移和垂直位移栋小于5像素
if (dragDuration < 300) {
  var fireTap = Math.abs(offsetLeft) < 5 && Math.abs(offsetTop < 5);
  if (isNaN(offsetLeft) || isNaN(offsetTop)) {
    fireTap = true;
  }
  if (fireTap) {
    console.log(&#39;tap&#39;);
  }
}

Judge Direction

// 如果事件间隔小于300ms但是滑出屏幕，直接返回
if (dragDuration < 300 && dragState.currentLeft === undefined) return;

// 如果事件间隔小于300ms 或者 滑动位移超过屏幕宽度 1/2， 根据位移判断方向
if (dragDuration < 300 || Math.abs(offsetLeft) > pageWidth / 2) {
  towards = offsetLeft < 0 ? &#39;next&#39; : &#39;prev&#39;;
}

// 如果非连续，当处于第一页，不会出现上一页，当处于最后一页，不会出现下一页
if (!continuous) {
  if ((index === 0 && towards === &#39;prev&#39;) 
    || (index === pageCount - 1 && towards === &#39;next&#39;)) {
    towards = null;
  }
}

// 子页面数量小于2时，不执行滑动动画
if (children.length < 2) {
  towards = null;
}

Perform animation

##

// 当没有options的时候，为自然滑动，也就是定时器滑动
function doAnimate(towards, options) {
  if (children.length === 0) return;
  if (!options && children.length < 2) return;

  var prevPage, nextPage, currentPage, pageWidth, offsetLeft;
  var pageCount = pages.length;

  // 定时器滑动
  if (!options) {
    pageWidth = element.clientWidth;
    currentPage = pages[index];
    prevPage = pages[index - 1];
    nextPage = pages[index + 1];
    if (continuous && pages.length > 1) {
      if (!prevPage) {
        prevPage = pages[pages.length - 1];
      }

      if (!nextPage) {
        nextPage = pages[0];
      }
    }

    // 计算上一页与下一页之后
    // 重置位移
    // 参看doOnTouchMove
    // 其实这里的options 传与不传也就是获取上一页信息与下一页信息
    if (prevPage) {
      prevPage.style.display = &#39;block&#39;;
      translate(prevPage, -pageWidth);
    }

    if (nextPage) {
      nextPage.style.display = &#39;block&#39;;
      translate(nextPage, pageWidth);
    }
  } else {
    prevPage = options.prevPage;
    currentPage = options.currentPage;
    nextPage = options.nextPage;
    pageWidth = options.pageWidth;
    offsetLeft = options.offsetLeft;
  }

  var newIndex;
  var oldPage = children[index];

  // 得到滑动之后的新的索引
  if (towards === &#39;prev&#39;) {
    if (index > 0) {
      newIndex = index - 1;
    }
    if (continuous && index === 0) {
      newIndex = pageCount - 1;
    }
  } else if (towards === &#39;next&#39;) {
    if (index < pageCount - 1) {
      newIndex = index + 1;
    }
    if (continuous && index === pageCount - 1) {
      newIndex = 0;
    }
  }

  // 动画完成之后的回调
  var callback = function() {
    // 得到滑动之后的激活页面，添加激活class
    // 重新赋值索引
    if (newIndex !== undefined) {
      var newPage = children[newIndex];
      oldPage.classList.remove(&#39;is-active&#39;);
      newPage.classList.add(&#39;is-active&#39;);
      index = newIndex
    }

    if (isDone) {
      end();
    }

    if (prevPage) {
      prevPage.style.display = &#39;&#39;;
    }

    if (nextPage) {
      nextPage.style.display = &#39;&#39;;
    }
  }

  setTimeout(function() {
    // 向后滑动
    if (towards === &#39;next&#39;) {
      isDone = true;
      before(currentPage);
      // 当前页执行动画，完成后执行callback
      translate(currentPage, -pageWidth, speed, callback);
      if (nextPage) {
        // 下一面移动视野中
        translate(nextPage, 0, speed)
      }
    } else if (towards === &#39;prev&#39;) {
      isDone = true;
      before(currentPage);
      translate(currentPage, pageWidth, speed, callback);
      if (prevPage) {
        translate(prevPage, 0, speed);
      }
    } else {
     // 如果既不是左滑也不是右滑
     isDone = true;
     // 当前页面依旧处于视野中
     // 上一页和下一页滑出
     translate(currentPage, 0, speed, callback);
     if (typeof offsetLeft !== &#39;undefined&#39;) {
       if (prevPage && offsetLeft > 0) {
          translate(prevPage, pageWidth * -1, speed);
       }
       if (nextPage && offsetLeft < 0) {
          translate(nextPage, pageWidth, speed);
       }
     } else {
      if (prevPage) {
       translate(prevPage, pageWidth * -1, speed);
      }

      if (nextPage) {
       translate(nextPage, pageWidth, speed);
      }
     }
    }
  }, 10);
}

Post-work:

Clear the status information saved in a sliding cycle

##

dragging = false;
dragState = {};

Summary

Overall, the implementation principle is relatively simple. The initial position is recorded when sliding starts, and the pages that should be displayed between the previous and next pages are calculated; the displacement is calculated during sliding, and the next page is calculated. The displacement of one page; when the slide ends, the corresponding animation is executed based on the displacement result.

One detail is that the effect of

transition

is set to empty during sliding to prevent the previous page and next page from shifting unnaturally due to the transition. Add animation effects to them after sliding.

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