How to compress images with Canvas

This time I will show you how to use Canvas to compress images? What are the precautions when using Canvas to compress images? The following is a practical case, let’s take a look.

1. Local image input

1. Get local files

<!--HTML-->
<input type="file" id="choose-img" />

// JS
var chooseImg = document.getElementById("choose-img");
chooseImg.onchange = function(e){
    var file = this.files[0];
    // ……  （省略部分代码后续依次展示，下同）
};

It’s very simple, just use the button with type file Get local files.

2. Determine the type of local file obtained

<!--HTML-->
<div id="result"></div>

// JS
var result = document.getElementById("result");    // 用于显示图片输出结果，或者错误提示
if(/image/.test(file.type)){     // 判断文件类型是否为图片
    // ……
}
else{
    result.innerHTML = &#39;<span style="color: red;">文件类型有误！</span>&#39;;
}

3. Output the obtained local image in base64 format

var img = new Image(),      // 创建图片对象，用于放置原始图片
    reader = new FileReader();
reader.readAsDataURL(file);    // 以base64格式读取并存入FileReader对象的result属性中
reader.onload = function(){
    img.src = this.result;   // 将图片base64字符串直接赋予Image对象的src中
    document.body.insertBefore(img,chooseImg);   // 将输出的图片插入到文件按钮之前
    img.onload = function(){
        // ……
    };
};

2. Draw pictures in Canvas

1. Create canvas

var canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
canvas.width = img.clientWidth;
canvas.height = img.clientHeight;
var context = canvas.getContext('2d');

Note: The size of the canvas is the same as the width and height of the entered picture.

2. Draw pictures

context.drawImage(img,0,0,canvas.width,canvas.height);

3. Compress pictures and output

<!--HTML-->
图片压缩比率 : <input id="rate" type="number" min="0" max="100" /> %
// JS
var chooseImg = document.getElementById("choose-img"),
    result = document.getElementById("result");
chooseImg.onchange = function(e){
    var file = this.files[0];
    if(/image/.test(file.type)){
        var img = new Image(),
            reader = new FileReader();
        reader.readAsDataURL(file);
        reader.onload = function(){
            img.src = this.result;
            document.body.insertBefore(img,chooseImg);
            img.onload = function(){
                var canvas = document.createElement(&#39;canvas&#39;);
                canvas.width = img.clientWidth;
                canvas.height = img.clientHeight;
                var context = canvas.getContext(&#39;2d&#39;);
                context.drawImage(img,0,0,canvas.width,canvas.height);
                var rate = document.getElementById("rate").value || 100;
                var imgUrl = canvas.toDataURL(file.type,rate/100);
                result.innerHTML = &#39;压缩后：<img src="&#39;+ imgUrl +&#39;" />&#39;;
                result.style.display = &#39;block&#39;;
                img.style.display = &#39;none&#39;;
            };
        };
    }
    else{
        result.innerHTML = &#39;<span style="color: red;">文件类型有误！</span>&#39;;
    }
};

After testing, it was found that compressing JPEG format pictures through Canvas has the best effect, while the PNG compression effect is not obvious. Sometimes it gets bigger instead.

I believe you have mastered the methods after reading these cases. For more exciting information, please pay attention to other related articles on the php Chinese website!

Related reading:

H5’s block-level tag summary

H5’s advanced inline tag

How to use H5 to call the camera

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