


This article mainly introduces the detailed explanation of the pmap command in Linux. Friends who need it can refer to it
By viewing the help, the following information was returned:
Usage: pmap [options] pid [pid ...] Options: -x, --extended show details -X show even more details WARNING: format changes according to /proc/PID/smaps -XX show everything the kernel provides -c, --read-rc read the default rc -C, --read-rc-from=<file> read the rc from file -n, --create-rc create new default rc -N, --create-rc-to=<file> create new rc to file NOTE: pid arguments are not allowed with -n, -N -d, --device show the device format -q, --quiet do not display header and footer -p, --show-path show path in the mapping -A, --range=<low>[,<high>] limit results to the given range -h, --help display this help and exit -V, --version output version information and exit For more details see pmap(1).
Then list the information of a certain process (PID:8868) as follows:
pmap -x 8868 Address Kbytes RSS Dirty Mode Mapping 00007f789ec2d000 1668 1384 0 r-x-- libc-2.19.so 00007f789edce000 2048 0 0 ----- libc-2.19.so 00007f789efce000 16 16 16 r---- libc-2.19.so 00007f789efd2000 8 8 8 rw--- libc-2.19.so 00000000020e0000 4008 4008 4008 rw--- [ anon ] 00007f787c000000 132 24 24 rw--- [ anon ] 00007f787c021000 65404 0 0 ----- [ anon ] 00007f7880000000 132 12 12 rw--- [ anon ] 00007f7880021000 65404 0 0 ----- [ anon ] 00007f7884000000 148 92 92 rw--- [ anon ] 00007f7884025000 65388 0 0 ----- [ anon ]
The meaning of the above list items is as follows:
Address: Memory Allocation address
Kbytes: Actual allocated memory size
RSS: Actual memory size occupied by the program
Mapping: Name of the module that allocates the memory
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MaintenanceModeinLinuxisaspecialbootenvironmentforcriticalsystemmaintenancetasks.Itallowsadministratorstoperformtaskslikeresettingpasswords,repairingfilesystems,andrecoveringfrombootfailuresinaminimalenvironment.ToenterMaintenanceMode,interrupttheboo

The core components of Linux include kernel, file system, shell, user and kernel space, device drivers, and performance optimization and best practices. 1) The kernel is the core of the system, managing hardware, memory and processes. 2) The file system organizes data and supports multiple types such as ext4, Btrfs and XFS. 3) Shell is the command center for users to interact with the system and supports scripting. 4) Separate user space from kernel space to ensure system stability. 5) The device driver connects the hardware to the operating system. 6) Performance optimization includes tuning system configuration and following best practices.

The five basic components of the Linux system are: 1. Kernel, 2. System library, 3. System utilities, 4. Graphical user interface, 5. Applications. The kernel manages hardware resources, the system library provides precompiled functions, system utilities are used for system management, the GUI provides visual interaction, and applications use these components to implement functions.

Linux maintenance mode can be entered through the GRUB menu. The specific steps are: 1) Select the kernel in the GRUB menu and press 'e' to edit, 2) Add 'single' or '1' at the end of the 'linux' line, 3) Press Ctrl X to start. Maintenance mode provides a secure environment for tasks such as system repair, password reset and system upgrade.

The steps to enter Linux recovery mode are: 1. Restart the system and press the specific key to enter the GRUB menu; 2. Select the option with (recoverymode); 3. Select the operation in the recovery mode menu, such as fsck or root. Recovery mode allows you to start the system in single-user mode, perform file system checks and repairs, edit configuration files, and other operations to help solve system problems.

The core components of Linux include the kernel, file system, shell and common tools. 1. The kernel manages hardware resources and provides basic services. 2. The file system organizes and stores data. 3. Shell is the interface for users to interact with the system. 4. Common tools help complete daily tasks.

The basic structure of Linux includes the kernel, file system, and shell. 1) Kernel management hardware resources and use uname-r to view the version. 2) The EXT4 file system supports large files and logs and is created using mkfs.ext4. 3) Shell provides command line interaction such as Bash, and lists files using ls-l.

The key steps in Linux system management and maintenance include: 1) Master the basic knowledge, such as file system structure and user management; 2) Carry out system monitoring and resource management, use top, htop and other tools; 3) Use system logs to troubleshoot, use journalctl and other tools; 4) Write automated scripts and task scheduling, use cron tools; 5) implement security management and protection, configure firewalls through iptables; 6) Carry out performance optimization and best practices, adjust kernel parameters and develop good habits.


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