In addition to the default core directives (v-model and v-show), Vue also allows the registration of custom directives.
Register a global directive v-focus. The function of this directive is to focus the element when the page is loaded.
<p id="app"> <p>页面载入时,input 元素自动获取焦点:</p> <input v-focus></p><script>// 注册一个全局自定义指令 v-focusVue.directive('focus', { // 当绑定元素插入到 DOM 中。 inserted: function (el) { // 聚焦元素 el.focus() } })// 创建根实例var a = new Vue({ el: '#app'})</script>
You can also use the directives option in the instance to register local instructions, so that the instructions can only be used in this instance
<p id="app"> <p>页面载入时,input 元素自动获取焦点:</p> <input v-focus></p><script>// 创建根实例new Vue({ el: '#app', directives: { // 注册一个局部的自定义指令 v-focus focus: { // 指令的定义 inserted: function (el) { // 聚焦元素 el.focus() } } } })</script>
The directive definition function provides several hooks Function (optional)
bind: 只调用一次,指令第一次绑定到元素时调用,用这个钩子函数可以定义一个在绑定时执行一次的初始化动作。 inserted: 被绑定元素插入父节点时调用(父节点存在即可调用,不必存在于 document 中)。 update: 被绑定元素所在的模板更新时调用,而不论绑定值是否变化。通过比较更新前后的绑定值,可以忽略不必要的模板更新(详细的钩子函数参数见下)。 componentUpdated: 被绑定元素所在模板完成一次更新周期时调用。 unbind: 只调用一次, 指令与元素解绑时调用。
Hook function parameters
钩子函数的参数有: el: 指令所绑定的元素,可以用来直接操作DOM 。 binding: 一个对象,包含以下属性: name: 指令名,不包括 v- 前缀。 value: 指令的绑定值, 例如: v-my-directive="1 + 1", value 的值是 2。 oldValue: 指令绑定的前一个值,仅在 update 和 componentUpdated 钩子中可用。无论值是否改变都可用。 expression: 绑定值的字符串形式。 例如 v-my-directive="1 + 1" , expression 的值是 "1 + 1"。 arg: 传给指令的参数。例如 v-my-directive:foo, arg 的值是 "foo"。 modifiers: 一个包含修饰符的对象。 例如: v-my-directive.foo.bar, 修饰符对象 modifiers 的值是 { foo: true, bar: true }。 vnode: Vue 编译生成的虚拟节点,查阅 VNode API 了解更多详情。 oldVnode: 上一个虚拟节点,仅在 update 和 componentUpdated 钩子中可用。
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